58 天牛胎儿角芽区的组织学特征。

Johanna E Aldersey, Tong Chen, Kiro Petrovski, John L Williams, Cynthia D K Bottema
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引用次数: 0

摘要

牛、绵羊和山羊等家养反刍动物长角对经济和福利都有影响。导致角发育的基因相互作用尚不清楚。无角牛或花粉牛是自然出现的。已知的致病 DNA 变体(凯尔特、弗里斯兰、蒙古和瓜拉尼)位于牛 1 号染色体的基因间区域,但其功能尚不清楚。据认为,牛角可能来自颅神经嵴干细胞,而 POLLED 变异会破坏这些细胞的迁移或增殖。与附近的皮肤相比,松弛素家族肽受体 2(RXFP2)在牛角发育过程中的表达量更高,并且已被证明在绵羊的角发育过程中发挥作用。然而,RXFP2 在牛角形成过程中的作用尚不清楚。为了确定牛角芽区域结构的差异,我们对发育第 58 天的同卵牛角胎和花粉胎的颅骨组织进行了组织学分析。只有在有角胎儿的角芽间质中观察到凝集细胞,它们可能是原角细胞。免疫组化还分析了神经嵴标记物(SOX10和NGFR)和RXFP2在有角胎儿和花粉胎儿组织中的分布。然而,在凝聚细胞中没有检测到 SOX10 和 NGFR,因此这些细胞要么不是来自神经嵴,要么已经分化,不再表达神经嵴标记。在外周神经中检测到了 SOX10 和 NGFR,而在外周神经和角芽表皮中检测到了 RXFP2。先前的研究表明,RXFP2 变体与牛和羊的角表型有关。因此,RXFP2 变体可能会影响角芽表皮或周围神经的发育。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Histological characterisation of the horn bud region in 58 day old bovine fetuses.

The presence of horns in domestic ruminants, such as cattle, sheep and goats, has financial and welfare implications. The genetic interactions that lead to horn development are not known. Hornless, or polled, cattle occur naturally. The known causative DNA variants (Celtic, Friesian, Mongolian and Guarani) are in intergenic regions on bovine chromosome 1, but their functions are not known. It is thought that horns may be derived from cranial neural crest stem cells and the POLLED variants disrupt the migration or proliferation of these cells. Relaxin family peptide receptor 2 (RXFP2) is more highly expressed in developing horns in cattle compared to nearby skin and has been shown to play a role in horn development in sheep. However, the role of RXFP2 in horn formation is not understood. Histological analyses of cranial tissues from homozygous horned and polled cattle fetuses at day 58 of development was carried out to determine the differences in the structure of the horn bud region. Condensed cells were only observed in the horn bud mesenchyme of horned fetuses and could be the progenitor horn cells. The distribution of neural crest markers (SOX10 and NGFR) and RXFP2 between horned and polled tissues by immunohistochemistry was also analysed. However, SOX10 and NGFR were not detected in the condensed cells, and therefore, these cells are either not derived from the neural crest, or have differentiated and no longer express neural crest markers. SOX10 and NGFR were detected in the peripheral nerves, while RXFP2 was detected in peripheral nerves and in the horn bud epidermis. Previous research has shown that RXFP2 variants are associated with horn phenotypes in cattle an sheep. Therefore, the RXFP2 variants may affect the development of the epidermis or peripheral nerves in the horn bud.

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