在低收入和中等收入国家采用替代性家鼠害虫管理方法解决金属磷化物的危险使用问题

IF 4.3 1区 农林科学 Q1 ENTOMOLOGY
Alexander M. Stuart, Jens Jacob, Adedayo Michael Awoniyi, Federico Costa, Luwieke Bosma, Yonas Meheretu, Nyo Me Htwe, Stephanie Williamson, Michael Eddleston, Ambroise Dalecky, Sheila Willis
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引用次数: 0

摘要

金属磷化物,特别是磷化铝(AlP)和磷化锌(Zn3P2),因其成本低、对鼠害毒性强,被中低收入国家广泛用作城市和家庭环境中的杀鼠剂。然而,它们对人类也有剧毒,且没有解毒剂,并与许多致命的故意和意外中毒事件有关。本文回顾了在城市和家庭环境中使用金属磷化物进行鼠害管理的替代方法,重点介绍了有效替代方法的案例研究,并为研究和政策提供了建议。本综述确定了许多可替代金属磷化物的方法,用于管理家庭/城市环境中的鼠害。这些方法包括化学方法(即杀鼠剂)和非化学方法(如防鼠、卫生和诱捕)。然而,由于大多数化学杀鼠剂都因其对人类健康的急性毒性、环境毒性和/或生物蓄积性而被列为高危杀虫剂,因此,简单地选择化学杀鼠剂来替代金属磷化物,很可能会以一种危害替代另一种危害。因此,在考虑用其他化学品替代时,需要进行仔细的风险和危害评估。总之,我们需要摆脱目前对杀鼠剂的依赖程度,转而采用更综合、更生态的方法。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Alternative domestic rodent pest management approaches to address the hazardous use of metal phosphides in low- and middle-income countries

Alternative domestic rodent pest management approaches to address the hazardous use of metal phosphides in low- and middle-income countries

Metal phosphides, particularly aluminium phosphide (AlP) and zinc phosphide (Zn3P2), are widely used in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) as rodenticides in urban and domestic environments due to their low cost and high toxicity to rodent pests. However, they are also highly toxic to humans with no antidote available and have been associated with numerous fatal cases of intentional and accidental poisoning. This paper reviews alternatives to metal phosphide use for rodent pest management in urban and domestic environments, highlights case studies of effective alternative approaches, and provides recommendations for research and policy. This review identifies numerous alternative methods available for managing rodent pests in domestic/urban settings that can replace metal phosphides. These include chemical methods, i.e. rodenticides, and non-chemical methods, e.g. rodent-proofing, sanitation and trapping. However, because the majority of chemical rodenticides qualify as highly hazardous pesticides due to acute human health toxicity, environmental toxicity, and/or bioaccumulation, simply selecting substitute chemical rodenticides to replace metal phosphides are likely to replace one set of hazards with others. Thus, careful risk and hazard assessments are needed when considering substituting with other chemicals. Overall, we need to move away from current levels of rodenticide reliance towards more integrated and ecologically based approaches.

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来源期刊
Journal of Pest Science
Journal of Pest Science 生物-昆虫学
CiteScore
10.40
自引率
8.30%
发文量
114
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Journal of Pest Science publishes high-quality papers on all aspects of pest science in agriculture, horticulture (including viticulture), forestry, urban pests, and stored products research, including health and safety issues. Journal of Pest Science reports on advances in control of pests and animal vectors of diseases, the biology, ethology and ecology of pests and their antagonists, and the use of other beneficial organisms in pest control. The journal covers all noxious or damaging groups of animals, including arthropods, nematodes, molluscs, and vertebrates. Journal of Pest Science devotes special attention to emerging and innovative pest control strategies, including the side effects of such approaches on non-target organisms, for example natural enemies and pollinators, and the implementation of these strategies in integrated pest management. Journal of Pest Science also publishes papers on the management of agro- and forest ecosystems where this is relevant to pest control. Papers on important methodological developments relevant for pest control will be considered as well.
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