火灾对不同垂直地层的影响各不相同:蚂蚁群落对长期试验性燃烧的反应。

IF 4.3 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY
François Brassard, Brett P. Murphy, Alan N. Andersen
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引用次数: 0

摘要

火灾是在景观尺度上进行保护管理的有力工具,但要了解火灾对不同生物群落中生物多样性的影响,往往缺乏严格的证据基础。火灾引起的栖息地开阔度变化已被确定为动物群落(包括蚂蚁)反应的基本驱动因素。然而,大多数关于火灾对蚂蚁群落影响的研究只考虑了表生(在土壤表面觅食)物种,这可能无法反映栖息在其他垂直层的物种的反应。在这里,我们研究了在火灾频发的生物群落中,蚂蚁群落的反应在不同垂直层之间有何差异。我们利用一个长期的野外实验来量化火灾对澳大利亚热带稀树草原四个垂直层(地下层、落叶层、蜉蝣层和树栖层)蚂蚁群落的丰度、丰富度和组成的影响。我们首先记录了每个地层蕴藏独特蚂蚁群的程度。然后,我们评估了每个地层的组合如何对三种与火灾相关的预测因子(火灾频率、火灾活动和植被覆盖)做出反应。每个地层都有不同的蚂蚁群落,并对火灾表现出不同的反应。叶丛蚁和表皮蚁对火灾最敏感,因为火灾直接影响到它们的微生境,但它们分别表现出截然不同的消极和积极反应。地下蚂蚁对火灾最不敏感,因为土壤有隔热作用。我们的研究结果表明,同一分类群的共生物种对火灾反应的强度和方向因其栖息的地层而异。因此,为保护生物多样性而进行的有效火灾管理应考虑所有垂直地层中的物种。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

The impacts of fire vary among vertical strata: Responses of ant communities to long-term experimental burning

The impacts of fire vary among vertical strata: Responses of ant communities to long-term experimental burning

Fire is a powerful tool for conservation management at a landscape scale, but a rigorous evidence base is often lacking for understanding its impacts on biodiversity in different biomes. Fire-induced changes to habitat openness have been identified as an underlying driver of responses of faunal communities, including for ants. However, most studies of the impacts of fire on ant communities consider only epigeic (foraging on the soil surface) species, which may not reflect the responses of species inhabiting other vertical strata. Here, we examine how the responses of ant communities vary among vertical strata in a highly fire-prone biome. We use a long-term field experiment to quantify the effects of fire on the abundance, richness, and composition of ant assemblages of four vertical strata (subterranean, leaf litter, epigeic, and arboreal) in an Australian tropical savanna. We first document the extent to which each stratum harbors distinct assemblages. We then assess how the assemblage of each stratum responds to three fire-related predictors: fire frequency, fire activity, and vegetation cover. Each stratum harbored a distinct ant assemblage and showed different responses to fire. Leaf litter and epigeic ants were most sensitive to fire because it directly affects their microhabitats, but they showed contrasting negative and positive responses, respectively. Subterranean ants were the least sensitive because of the insulating effects of soil. Our results show that co-occurring species of the same taxonomic group differ in the strength and direction of their response to fire depending on the stratum they inhabit. As such, effective fire management for biodiversity conservation should consider species in all vertical strata.

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来源期刊
Ecological Applications
Ecological Applications 环境科学-环境科学
CiteScore
9.50
自引率
2.00%
发文量
268
审稿时长
6 months
期刊介绍: The pages of Ecological Applications are open to research and discussion papers that integrate ecological science and concepts with their application and implications. Of special interest are papers that develop the basic scientific principles on which environmental decision-making should rest, and those that discuss the application of ecological concepts to environmental problem solving, policy, and management. Papers that deal explicitly with policy matters are welcome. Interdisciplinary approaches are encouraged, as are short communications on emerging environmental challenges.
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