咖啡因在中枢神经系统中的分子靶点

4区 医学 Q3 Neuroscience
Progress in brain research Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-25 DOI:10.1016/bs.pbr.2024.06.012
Ishita Bhardwaj, Atifa Haseeb Ansari, Swayam Prabha Rai, Sippy Singh, Durgesh Singh
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引用次数: 0

摘要

咖啡因是从植物中提取的一种生物碱,是以巧克力、咖啡和饮料形式出现的消耗量最大的药物之一。咖啡因对中枢神经系统的潜在影响很容易通过其作用机制来理解--拮抗腺苷受体、钙离子流入、抑制磷酸二酯酶。腺苷是腺苷受体的神经调节剂,在中枢神经系统中大量存在。咖啡因能拮抗腺苷受体,从而刺激多巴胺的表达。咖啡因在大脑和神经系统的许多代谢途径中发挥着关键作用,它能减少淀粉样蛋白-β肽(Aβ)的积累,下调 tau 蛋白的磷酸化,刺激胆碱能神经元,抑制乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)。它还具有抗氧化和抗细胞凋亡活性。咖啡因是一种营养保健品,能改善心理健康。它含有抗氧化剂、维生素、矿物质和膳食补充剂,能降低阿尔茨海默病、偏头痛、胆石症、癌症、亨廷顿氏病和硬化症等多种神经退行性疾病的风险因素。它还能作为一种兴奋剂,提高某些止痛药的效力。除了正面影响,过量摄入咖啡因也会导致负面影响:睡眠模式改变、幻觉、高血压、矿物质流失,甚至烧心。本章将重点介绍摄入咖啡因的利与弊。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Molecular targets of caffeine in the central nervous system.

Caffeine is an alkaloid obtained from plants and is one of the most consumptive drug in the form of chocolate, coffee and beverages. The potential impact of caffeine within CNS can be easily understood by mechanism of action-antagonism of adenosine receptor, calcium influx, inhibits phosphodiesterases. Adenosine a neuromodulator for adenosine receptors, which are abundantly expressed within the central nervous system. Caffeine antagonized the adenosine receptor, hence stimulate expression of dopamine. It plays pivotal role in many metabolic pathways within the brain and nervous system, it reduced the amyloid-β-peptide (Aβ) accumulation, downregulation of tau protein phosphorylation, stimulate cholinergic neurons and inhibits the acetylcholinestrase (AChE). It also possess antioxidant and antiapoptotic activity. Caffeine act as nutraceutical product, improves mental health. It contains antioxidants, vitamins, minerals and dietary supplements, by reducing the risk factor of several neurodegenerations including Alzheimer's disease, migraine, gallstone, cancer, Huntington's disease and sclerosis. This act as a stimulant and have capability to increase the effectiveness of certain pain killer. Beside positive affects, over-consumption of caffeine leads to negative impact: change in sleep pattern, hallucinations, high blood pressure, mineral loss and even heartburn. This chapter highlights pros and cons of caffeine consumption.

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来源期刊
Progress in brain research
Progress in brain research 医学-神经科学
CiteScore
5.20
自引率
0.00%
发文量
174
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Progress in Brain Research is the most acclaimed and accomplished series in neuroscience. The serial is well-established as an extensive documentation of contemporary advances in the field. The volumes contain authoritative reviews and original articles by invited specialists. The rigorous editing of the volumes assures that they will appeal to all laboratory and clinical brain research workers in the various disciplines: neuroanatomy, neurophysiology, neuropharmacology, neuroendocrinology, neuropathology, basic neurology, biological psychiatry and the behavioral sciences.
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