2019 年阿富汗十二省加喀布尔城市地区的儿童免疫覆盖率。

IF 2.6 3区 生物学 Q3 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY
BioMed Research International Pub Date : 2024-08-14 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI:10.1155/2024/5400013
Khwaja Mir Islam Saeed, Shoaib Naeemi, Ruqia Naser, Bahara Rasooly, Mir Salamuddin Hakim, Khalid Arman, Homeira Nishat
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景:免疫接种率低和数据来源不一致一直是阿富汗面临的挑战。本研究旨在估算 2019 年阿富汗 12 个省(加喀布尔)城市环境中 12-23 个月儿童的免疫接种覆盖率。调查方法2019 年 10 月至 12 月期间,在 12 个脊髓灰质炎高风险省份的首府和喀布尔进行了横断面调查。采用两阶段群组抽样法,访问了 30 个群组和 7 个家庭。通过观察疫苗接种卡或儿童看护人提供的病史,评估了阿富汗免疫计划优先考虑的 10 种儿童疾病的 13 种疫苗的覆盖率。数据管理和分析使用 Epi Info v.7.2.5。结果:共访问了 3382 名 12-23 个月大儿童的看护人,其中 50.8%为男孩。母亲的识字率为 35%,86.4% 是没有正式工作的家庭主妇。儿童的平均年龄为 17.07±4.05 个月。共有 1261 名儿童(37.29%)接种了全部疫苗,833 名儿童(54.2%)接种了部分疫苗,288 名儿童(8.52%)未接种任何剂量的常规疫苗。其中,71.82%的儿童持有接种卡,17.24%的儿童丢失了接种卡,11%的儿童没有接种卡。一般来说,卡介苗、五联疫苗、OPV-4、PCV2、Rota2、麻疹1号疫苗和 IPV 的免疫接种覆盖率分别为 91.70%、52%、78%、63%、61%、68.50% 和 58%。楠格哈尔省和库纳尔省的免疫覆盖率分别最高和最低。缺乏意识和时间是部分接种者提到的主要因素,而未接种者则对疫苗存在误解。结论不同城市的儿童免疫接种率不尽相同,研究对象的免疫接种率也不理想。要解决阿富汗免疫接种覆盖率低的问题并消除障碍,就必须制定切实可行的目标并开展宣传活动。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Child Immunization Coverage in Urban Settings of Twelve Provinces Plus Kabul, Afghanistan, 2019.

Background: Low immunization and discrepancies in data sources have been a consistent challenge in Afghanistan. The objective of this was to estimate the coverage of immunization status among children of 12-23 months in urban settings of 12 provinces plus Kabul, Afghanistan in 2019. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in the capital of 12 cities of polio high-risk provinces plus Kabul during October-December 2019. A two-stage cluster sampling was used to approach 30 clusters and interview seven households. The coverage for 13 vaccines against 10 childhood diseases prioritized by the Afghanistan Immunization program was assessed through observation of vaccine cards or by history from caregivers of children. Epi Info v.7.2.5 was used for data management and analysis. Results: Totally, 3382 caregivers of children aged 12-23 months, of whom 50.8% were boys, were interviewed. The literacy of mothers was 35%, and 86.4% were housewives with no formal employment. The average age of children was 17.07 ± 4.05 months. In total, 1261 (37.29%) children were fully vaccinated, 833 (54.2%) were partially vaccinated, and 288 (8.52%) did not receive any dose of routine vaccine. Of total, 71.82% had vaccination cards, 17.24% had lost them, and 11% had no cards. Generally, coverage of immunization by cards and history was 91.70% for BCG, 52% for Penta, 78% for OPV-4, 63% for PCV2, 61% for Rota2, 68.50% for measles 1, and 58% for IPV. Nangarhar and Kunar provinces have the highest and lowest immunization coverage, respectively. Lack of awareness and time was the main factor cited by partially vaccinated individuals, while misconceptions about vaccines were reported among the unvaccinated. Conclusion: Child immunization levels, varying across cities, were suboptimal in the study population. Realistic goal-setting and awareness campaigns are necessary to address the low immunization coverage and fight against barriers in Afghanistan.

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来源期刊
BioMed Research International
BioMed Research International BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY-MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL
CiteScore
6.70
自引率
0.00%
发文量
1942
审稿时长
19 weeks
期刊介绍: BioMed Research International is a peer-reviewed, Open Access journal that publishes original research articles, review articles, and clinical studies covering a wide range of subjects in life sciences and medicine. The journal is divided into 55 subject areas.
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