深海金星捕蝇草海葵的染色体级基因组组装揭示了其对极低营养环境的适应性。

IF 4.5 1区 生物学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
Junyuan Li, Zifeng Zhan, Yang Li, Yanan Sun, Tong Zhou, Kuidong Xu
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引用次数: 0

摘要

维纳斯捕蝇草海葵(Actinoscyphia liui)栖息在西太平洋热带营养有限的深海中。与其他大多数海葵相比,它的体形发生了明显的改变,与植物捕蝇草的体形相似。然而,这种奇特的海葵适应深海寡营养环境的分子机制尚不清楚。在此,我们报告了利用 PacBio 和 Hi-C 数据构建的 A. liui 染色体级基因组。组装的基因组大小为 522 Mb,显示出 58.4 Mb 的连续支架 N50。与大多数其他海葵(通常每个单体型拥有 14-18 条染色体)不同,A. liui 只有 11 条染色体。染色体数量的减少与染色体融合有关,这很可能是一种在低营养深海环境中节约能量的适应性策略。与其他深海海葵的比较分析表明,与细胞自噬(TMBIM6、SESN1、SCOCB 和 RPTOR)和线粒体能量代谢(MDH1B 和 KAD2)有关的基因发生了适应性进化,这可能有助于 A. liui 应对严重的食物匮乏问题。与此同时,基因组中与快速突触传递有关的基因家族至少经历了两轮扩增,从而促进了对水流和猎物的快速反应。在肌肉收缩相关蛋白的推测磷酸化位点上发现了正选择,这可能进一步提高了摄食效率。总之,本研究深入揭示了对深海寡营养环境的分子适应性,并揭示了新型形态对蛇尾藻进化的潜在影响。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Chromosome-level genome assembly of a deep-sea Venus flytrap sea anemone sheds light upon adaptations to an extremely oligotrophic environment

Chromosome-level genome assembly of a deep-sea Venus flytrap sea anemone sheds light upon adaptations to an extremely oligotrophic environment

The Venus flytrap sea anemone Actinoscyphia liui inhabits the nutrient-limited deep ocean in the tropical western Pacific. Compared with most other sea anemones, it has undergone a distinct modification of body shape similar to that of the botanic flytrap. However, the molecular mechanism by which such a peculiar sea anemone adapts to a deep-sea oligotrophic environment is unknown. Here, we report the chromosomal-level genome of A. liui constructed from PacBio and Hi-C data. The assembled genome is 522 Mb in size and exhibits a continuous scaffold N50 of 58.4 Mb. Different from most other sea anemones, which typically possess 14–18 chromosomes per haplotype, A. liui has only 11. The reduced number of chromosomes is associated with chromosome fusion, which likely represents an adaptive strategy to economize energy in oligotrophic deep-sea environments. Comparative analysis with other deep-sea sea anemones revealed adaptive evolution in genes related to cellular autophagy (TMBIM6, SESN1, SCOCB and RPTOR) and mitochondrial energy metabolism (MDH1B and KAD2), which may aid in A. liui coping with severe food scarcity. Meanwhile, the genome has undergone at least two rounds of expansion in gene families associated with fast synaptic transmission, facilitating rapid responses to water currents and prey. Positive selection was detected on putative phosphorylation sites of muscle contraction-related proteins, possibly further improving feeding efficiency. Overall, the present study provides insights into the molecular adaptation to deep-sea oligotrophic environments and sheds light upon potential effects of a novel morphology on the evolution of Cnidaria.

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来源期刊
Molecular Ecology
Molecular Ecology 生物-进化生物学
CiteScore
8.40
自引率
10.20%
发文量
472
审稿时长
1 months
期刊介绍: Molecular Ecology publishes papers that utilize molecular genetic techniques to address consequential questions in ecology, evolution, behaviour and conservation. Studies may employ neutral markers for inference about ecological and evolutionary processes or examine ecologically important genes and their products directly. We discourage papers that are primarily descriptive and are relevant only to the taxon being studied. Papers reporting on molecular marker development, molecular diagnostics, barcoding, or DNA taxonomy, or technical methods should be re-directed to our sister journal, Molecular Ecology Resources. Likewise, papers with a strongly applied focus should be submitted to Evolutionary Applications. Research areas of interest to Molecular Ecology include: * population structure and phylogeography * reproductive strategies * relatedness and kin selection * sex allocation * population genetic theory * analytical methods development * conservation genetics * speciation genetics * microbial biodiversity * evolutionary dynamics of QTLs * ecological interactions * molecular adaptation and environmental genomics * impact of genetically modified organisms
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