Matthias Stocker, Andrea K. Steiner, Florian Ladstädter, Ulrich Foelsche, William J. Randel
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Strong persistent cooling of the stratosphere after the Hunga eruption
The 2022 eruption of the Hunga volcano was a major event that propelled aerosols and water vapor up to an altitude of 53–57 km. It caused an unprecedented stratospheric hydration that is expected to affect composition, thermal structure, circulation and dynamics for years. Using vertically high resolved satellite observations from radio occultation, we focus on the temperature impact in the stratosphere from the eruption in January 2022 until December 2023. Separating the signals of the Hunga eruption from the broader stratospheric variability reveals a strong persistent radiative cooling of up to –4 K in the tropical and subtropical middle stratosphere from early after the eruption until mid-2023, clearly corresponding to the water vapor distribution. Our results provide new insights from observations into both the localized temperature changes and the persistent stratospheric cooling caused by the Hunga eruption and document this exceptional climatic effect not seen for previous volcanic eruptions. The Hunga eruption has generated as much as 4 K of stratospheric cooling, corresponding to strong water vapour anomalies through to mid-2023, according to analyses of radio occultation and microwave limb sounder data
期刊介绍:
Communications Earth & Environment is an open access journal from Nature Portfolio publishing high-quality research, reviews and commentary in all areas of the Earth, environmental and planetary sciences. Research papers published by the journal represent significant advances that bring new insight to a specialized area in Earth science, planetary science or environmental science.
Communications Earth & Environment has a 2-year impact factor of 7.9 (2022 Journal Citation Reports®). Articles published in the journal in 2022 were downloaded 1,412,858 times. Median time from submission to the first editorial decision is 8 days.