绿色还是矮小:二选一"--43 个欧洲城市的步行可达性和绿化比较

IF 7.1 1区 地球科学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES
Elias Willberg , Christoph Fink , Robert Klein , Roope Heinonen , Tuuli Toivonen
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引用次数: 0

摘要

促进环境和社会可持续的城市交通对城市至关重要,而城市绿化正在成为一项关键战略。在出行过程中与大自然接触不仅能提高幸福感,还能促进可持续行为。然而,旅行绿化的可用性各不相同,直到最近,新的数据集和计算方法才使量化比较城市内部和城市之间的旅行绿化分布条件成为可能。在这项针对 43 个欧洲大城市的研究中,我们利用高分辨率空间数据和作为日常出行需求标志的每日学校出行,对出行绿地的可用性进行了比较分析。由于步行是最可持续且同样可用的交通方式,我们首先估算了居住在高中学校步行距离范围内的人口比例。其次,我们将详细的学校路线与每月的绿化覆盖率数据联系起来,并在考虑季节性变化的情况下,比较了欧洲城市之间出行绿化可用性的空间差异。最后,我们使用基尼系数、科尔姆-波拉克均等分布等值(EDE)指数和莫兰 I 指数分析了研究城市内出行绿化可用性的空间不平等。我们发现,欧洲不同城市的学校步行可达性差异很大,从 44% 到 98% 的人口距离学校在 1600 米以内不等。此外,我们的研究结果表明,在欧洲大城市中,城市内部在出行绿化可用性方面存在巨大差异。我们从方法上证明了在测量绿地可用性时考虑季节变化的重要性。我们的研究从注重流动性的角度提供了城市绿化可用性的经验证据。它为研究人员和规划人员提供了一种新的认识,有助于他们在更多人出行时为他们提供自然的益处。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
‘Green or short: choose one’ - A comparison of walking accessibility and greenery in 43 European cities

Promoting environmentally and socially sustainable urban mobility is crucial for cities, with urban greening emerging as a key strategy. Contact with nature during travel not only enhances well-being but also promotes sustainable behaviour. However, the availability of travel greenery varies, and only recently have new datasets and computational approaches made it possible to compare the conditions in the distribution of travel greenery within and between cities quantitatively. In this study of 43 large European cities, we undertook a comparative analysis of travel greenery availability by using high-resolution spatial data and daily school trips as a marker of a daily travel need. By recognising walking accessibility as the most sustainable and equally available mode of transportation, we first estimated the proportion of the population residing within walking distance to upper secondary schools. Second, we associated the detailed school routes with monthly green cover data and compared the spatial variation in travel greenery availability between European cities, taking seasonal variation into account. Lastly, we analysed spatial inequalities of travel greenery availability within the study cities using the Gini index, the Kolm-Pollak equally-distributed equivalent (EDE) index and Moran's I. Our findings reveal a consistent negative association between accessibility and green cover implying a trade-off between access and greenery. We found large variations between European cities in the walking accessibility of schools, ranging from 44% to 98% of the population being within 1600 m of their school. Moreover, our results show substantial within-city disparities in travel greenery availability in large European cities. We demonstrated methodologically the importance of considering seasonal variations when measuring greenery availability. Our study offers empirical evidence of urban greenery availability from a mobility-focused perspective. It provides a novel understanding with which to support researchers and planners in affording the benefits of nature to more people as they travel.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
13.30
自引率
7.40%
发文量
111
审稿时长
32 days
期刊介绍: Computers, Environment and Urban Systemsis an interdisciplinary journal publishing cutting-edge and innovative computer-based research on environmental and urban systems, that privileges the geospatial perspective. The journal welcomes original high quality scholarship of a theoretical, applied or technological nature, and provides a stimulating presentation of perspectives, research developments, overviews of important new technologies and uses of major computational, information-based, and visualization innovations. Applied and theoretical contributions demonstrate the scope of computer-based analysis fostering a better understanding of environmental and urban systems, their spatial scope and their dynamics.
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