Timothy Wangler, Yaxin Tao, Arnesh Das, Matineh Mahmoudi, Seyma Gürel, Robert J. Flatt
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Aluminate 2K systems in digital concrete: Process, design, chemistry, and outlook
Digital concrete is advancing due to growing economic incentives for construction automation. Achieving more sustainable concrete construction requires carbon reduction, and digital concrete technologies enable material-saving designs. By decoupling production strength from design strength, two-component (2K) systems utilizing aluminate precipitation offer the most flexibility, allowing more sustainable mixes with higher substitution levels. However, 2K aluminate systems are complex and demand a deeper understanding of their chemistry and strength buildup. This article reviews the basics of 2K aluminate systems, specifically aluminum sulfate-based and calcium aluminate cement/calcium sulfate-based systems, and their use in an inline active mixing reactor. An example reaction engineering analysis predicts the degree of reaction in a given reactor design, relating it to yield stress. The two chemical systems are compared, and future research recommendations are provided.
期刊介绍:
Cement and Concrete Research is dedicated to publishing top-notch research on the materials science and engineering of cement, cement composites, mortars, concrete, and related materials incorporating cement or other mineral binders. The journal prioritizes reporting significant findings in research on the properties and performance of cementitious materials. It also covers novel experimental techniques, the latest analytical and modeling methods, examination and diagnosis of actual cement and concrete structures, and the exploration of potential improvements in materials.