Huadong Zhu , Li Zhou , Denghua He , Zixun Chen , Jintao Liu
{"title":"用重量法测定液化天然气密度","authors":"Huadong Zhu , Li Zhou , Denghua He , Zixun Chen , Jintao Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.cryogenics.2024.103925","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Density is a critical parameter in the liquefied natural gas (LNG) industry, which necessitates the study of measurement methods. Standard methods for calculating LNG density are employed in downstream LNG custody transfer, but it still faces challenges in density measurement in the upstream, such as in LNG plants and LNG refueling station. In this paper, a gravimetric density measurement method was established for LNG plants, which is SI-traceable as it relies on volume and mass. A home-made sampling device was developed and employed to obtain the LNG volume and mass. The principle involves trapping LNG in a known-volume quantitative tube within the sampling device. The LNG is then transferred to a vacuum sampling cylinder and weighed using a mass compactor. This approach not only provides representative samples but also enables compositional analysis while performing density calculations according to ISO 6578. Feasibility and practicality tests of this novel method were conducted in an LNG plant. The test results indicate that the reproducibility is 0.6 %(RSD), and the relative expanded uncertainty is 2.0 % (<em>k</em> = 2). Compared to the revised Klosek and McKinley method (RKM), it shows a relative difference of −0.3 % to 1.5 %, demonstrating the applicability to LNG plants.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":10812,"journal":{"name":"Cryogenics","volume":"142 ","pages":"Article 103925"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8000,"publicationDate":"2024-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"LNG density measurement by gravimetric method\",\"authors\":\"Huadong Zhu , Li Zhou , Denghua He , Zixun Chen , Jintao Liu\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.cryogenics.2024.103925\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><p>Density is a critical parameter in the liquefied natural gas (LNG) industry, which necessitates the study of measurement methods. Standard methods for calculating LNG density are employed in downstream LNG custody transfer, but it still faces challenges in density measurement in the upstream, such as in LNG plants and LNG refueling station. In this paper, a gravimetric density measurement method was established for LNG plants, which is SI-traceable as it relies on volume and mass. A home-made sampling device was developed and employed to obtain the LNG volume and mass. The principle involves trapping LNG in a known-volume quantitative tube within the sampling device. The LNG is then transferred to a vacuum sampling cylinder and weighed using a mass compactor. This approach not only provides representative samples but also enables compositional analysis while performing density calculations according to ISO 6578. Feasibility and practicality tests of this novel method were conducted in an LNG plant. The test results indicate that the reproducibility is 0.6 %(RSD), and the relative expanded uncertainty is 2.0 % (<em>k</em> = 2). Compared to the revised Klosek and McKinley method (RKM), it shows a relative difference of −0.3 % to 1.5 %, demonstrating the applicability to LNG plants.</p></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":10812,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Cryogenics\",\"volume\":\"142 \",\"pages\":\"Article 103925\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":1.8000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-08-16\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Cryogenics\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"5\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0011227524001450\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"工程技术\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q3\",\"JCRName\":\"PHYSICS, APPLIED\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Cryogenics","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0011227524001450","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"PHYSICS, APPLIED","Score":null,"Total":0}
Density is a critical parameter in the liquefied natural gas (LNG) industry, which necessitates the study of measurement methods. Standard methods for calculating LNG density are employed in downstream LNG custody transfer, but it still faces challenges in density measurement in the upstream, such as in LNG plants and LNG refueling station. In this paper, a gravimetric density measurement method was established for LNG plants, which is SI-traceable as it relies on volume and mass. A home-made sampling device was developed and employed to obtain the LNG volume and mass. The principle involves trapping LNG in a known-volume quantitative tube within the sampling device. The LNG is then transferred to a vacuum sampling cylinder and weighed using a mass compactor. This approach not only provides representative samples but also enables compositional analysis while performing density calculations according to ISO 6578. Feasibility and practicality tests of this novel method were conducted in an LNG plant. The test results indicate that the reproducibility is 0.6 %(RSD), and the relative expanded uncertainty is 2.0 % (k = 2). Compared to the revised Klosek and McKinley method (RKM), it shows a relative difference of −0.3 % to 1.5 %, demonstrating the applicability to LNG plants.
期刊介绍:
Cryogenics is the world''s leading journal focusing on all aspects of cryoengineering and cryogenics. Papers published in Cryogenics cover a wide variety of subjects in low temperature engineering and research. Among the areas covered are:
- Applications of superconductivity: magnets, electronics, devices
- Superconductors and their properties
- Properties of materials: metals, alloys, composites, polymers, insulations
- New applications of cryogenic technology to processes, devices, machinery
- Refrigeration and liquefaction technology
- Thermodynamics
- Fluid properties and fluid mechanics
- Heat transfer
- Thermometry and measurement science
- Cryogenics in medicine
- Cryoelectronics