“Assessment of combined wind and wave energy in European coastal waters using satellite altimetry.”

In this study, the combined wind and wave energy potential assessment is presented for various locations in European coastal waters. The objective is to investigate the feasibility of satellite altimetry-based assessments of combined wind/wave renewable energy potential on the European shelf. The study is motivated by the potential reduction in energy supply variability by combining wind and wave. The method consists of using a homogenized multi-mission altimeter database available by the European Space Agency Sea State Climate Change Initiative (Sea_State_cci) that comprises 26 years of data, from January 1991 to December 2018, that allows extending the time range and spatial coverage to estimate site wind and wave power densities. An empirical model is used to estimate the wave energy period from the altimeter Ku band significant wave height and radar backscatter coefficient required to compute the wave power density. The results show that wind/wave energy is relatively correlated in the Mediterranean but not in the North Atlantic sites studied. Thus, the Western North Atlantic sites are the most adequate places for wind and wave farms, from the point of view of combined exploitation.

The different characteristics of the studied sites show some correspondence between variability and mean wave power, which is an essential input to a marine renewable energy strategy in any jurisdiction. The level of overall variability decreases with an increase in mean wave power, related to the higher power swell waves are not highly correlated with the local wind.