Advancements in ulcerative colitis management: A critical assessment of etrasimod therapy

Ulcerative Colitis (UC) is a persistent inflammatory condition of the colon that occurs due to the disruption in the epithelial barrier and immunological responses. In UC the episodes of inflammation are relapsing and remitting in the colonic mucosa. Etrasimod, an S1P receptor modulator, is a potential therapy for UC. The goal of this review is to compile the data related to effectiveness and safety studies of etrasimod in the treatment of UC. Pre-clinical and clinical studies examine how etrasimod affects many aspects of UC pathophysiology, including S1P receptor regulation, immune cell migration, and improved gut barrier function. Etrasimod mainly inhibits the lymphocytes entry into the peripheral blood and prevents the migration of lymphocytes into the inflammation cycle. This article gives a comprehensive account of several factors linked to etrasimod and ulcerative colitis, including the pathology of ulcerative colitis, US-FDA approved treatment for UC, mechanism of action of etrasimod, pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic data of etrasimod, reported risk and related aspects and completed and ongoing clinical trials.