载人航天微生物学:微生物对影响健康和栖息地可持续性的机械力的反应。

IF 8 1区 生物学 Q1 MICROBIOLOGY
Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews Pub Date : 2024-09-26 Epub Date: 2024-08-19 DOI:10.1128/mmbr.00144-23
Cheryl A Nickerson, Robert J C McLean, Jennifer Barrila, Jiseon Yang, Starla G Thornhill, Laura L Banken, D Marshall Porterfield, George Poste, Neal R Pellis, C Mark Ott
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引用次数: 0

摘要

摘要 通过研究微生物对极端环境的反应,加深了对微生物动态适应可塑性的了解。太空飞行研究平台为研究微生物在新的极端适应模式下的特征提供了一个独特的机会,包括持续暴露在重力减弱和相关的低流体剪切力条件下。在这些条件下,会出现意想不到的微生物反应,包括毒力、抗生素和抗应激性、生物膜形成、新陈代谢、运动和基因表达等方面的改变,而这些改变是传统实验方法无法观察到的。在此,我们从微生物和宿主-微生物的角度回顾了调节微生物对太空飞行和太空飞行模拟环境的反应的生物和物理机制,这些机制与人类健康和栖息地的可持续发展息息相关。我们重点介绍了用于太空飞行微生物学实验的仪器和技术、其局限性以及开展下一代研究所需的进步。由于太空飞行实验相对罕见,我们讨论了模拟微生物对太空飞行中重力降低的反应的地面模拟物,包括减少流体在细胞表面流动的机械力的模拟物,这些模拟物也模拟了微生物在陆地生命周期中遇到的条件。随着传统宇航员执行航天飞行任务时间的延长,以及商业航天计划派遣有潜在健康问题的民用机组人员,微生物将继续在健康和栖息地可持续性方面发挥越来越关键的作用,从而定义了职业健康的一个新维度。微生物在航天环境中的适应、生存和进化能力对未来的人类航天事业非常重要,并为创新性的生物和技术进步提供了机会,从而造福于地球上的生命。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Microbiology of human spaceflight: microbial responses to mechanical forces that impact health and habitat sustainability.

SUMMARYUnderstanding the dynamic adaptive plasticity of microorganisms has been advanced by studying their responses to extreme environments. Spaceflight research platforms provide a unique opportunity to study microbial characteristics in new extreme adaptational modes, including sustained exposure to reduced forces of gravity and associated low fluid shear force conditions. Under these conditions, unexpected microbial responses occur, including alterations in virulence, antibiotic and stress resistance, biofilm formation, metabolism, motility, and gene expression, which are not observed using conventional experimental approaches. Here, we review biological and physical mechanisms that regulate microbial responses to spaceflight and spaceflight analog environments from both the microbe and host-microbe perspective that are relevant to human health and habitat sustainability. We highlight instrumentation and technology used in spaceflight microbiology experiments, their limitations, and advances necessary to enable next-generation research. As spaceflight experiments are relatively rare, we discuss ground-based analogs that mimic aspects of microbial responses to reduced gravity in spaceflight, including those that reduce mechanical forces of fluid flow over cell surfaces which also simulate conditions encountered by microorganisms during their terrestrial lifecycles. As spaceflight mission durations increase with traditional astronauts and commercial space programs send civilian crews with underlying health conditions, microorganisms will continue to play increasingly critical roles in health and habitat sustainability, thus defining a new dimension of occupational health. The ability of microorganisms to adapt, survive, and evolve in the spaceflight environment is important for future human space endeavors and provides opportunities for innovative biological and technological advances to benefit life on Earth.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
18.80
自引率
0.80%
发文量
27
期刊介绍: Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews (MMBR), a journal that explores the significance and interrelationships of recent discoveries in various microbiology fields, publishes review articles that help both specialists and nonspecialists understand and apply the latest findings in their own research. MMBR covers a wide range of topics in microbiology, including microbial ecology, evolution, parasitology, biotechnology, and immunology. The journal caters to scientists with diverse interests in all areas of microbial science and encompasses viruses, bacteria, archaea, fungi, unicellular eukaryotes, and microbial parasites. MMBR primarily publishes authoritative and critical reviews that push the boundaries of knowledge, appealing to both specialists and generalists. The journal often includes descriptive figures and tables to enhance understanding. Indexed/Abstracted in various databases such as Agricola, BIOSIS Previews, CAB Abstracts, Cambridge Scientific Abstracts, Chemical Abstracts Service, Current Contents- Life Sciences, EMBASE, Food Science and Technology Abstracts, Illustrata, MEDLINE, Science Citation Index Expanded (Web of Science), Summon, and Scopus, among others.
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