Hybrid solvent-free nanofluids mediated multifunctional PMMA with transparent, lubricant, and anti-fouling properties

High-transparent material plays a pivotal role in optical engineering, yet faces practical challenges such as susceptibility to abrasion and ultraviolet degradation. To address these issues, we propose a simple approach for obtaining a multifunctional transparent polymethyl methacrylate. In this study, MWCNT@Fe₃O₄ was utilized as a hybrid core covalently bonded to a silane coupling agent, which was subsequently ion-exchanged with a surfactant to yield monodisperse MWCNT@Fe₃O₄ nanofluids. These nanofluids were then blended with polymethyl methacrylate through a simple casting process, resulting in a transparent composite material with good transparency (over 85 %), low friction (coefficient of friction < 3), UV resistance (UV absorption up to 73.35 %), and antistatic properties. The MWCNT@Fe₃O₄ nanofluids combine the benefits of liquid and solid lubricants by reducing the friction coefficient and enhancing the wear resistance of the composite material. Moreover, the fluidity of MWCNT@Fe₃O₄ nanofluids forms an anti-friction layer during friction, thereby improving the overall anti-friction properties of the composite material. Additionally, the hybrid core enhances the anti-ultraviolet performance of the composite film while the long chain lubricating layer improves its antistatic and antifouling capabilities. By incorporating MWCNT@Fe₃O₄ nanofluids as a filler, we have developed multifunctional transparent polymethyl methacrylate material that holds promise for advanced applications.