Yuhao Wang , Zhonghong Tian , Xiaoqun Li , Mengjie Zhang , Yujing Fang , Yingzhou Xiang , Yuchen Liu , Enke Liu , Zhikuan Jia , Kadambot H.M. Siddique , Wei Ting , Weijun Zhang , Peng Zhang
{"title":"秸秆衍生的生物炭能调节土壤酶活性、减少温室气体排放并增强覆盖农田的碳积累","authors":"Yuhao Wang , Zhonghong Tian , Xiaoqun Li , Mengjie Zhang , Yujing Fang , Yingzhou Xiang , Yuchen Liu , Enke Liu , Zhikuan Jia , Kadambot H.M. Siddique , Wei Ting , Weijun Zhang , Peng Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.fcr.2024.109547","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Context or problem</h3><p>Film mulching can significantly increase crop yields, but long-term continuous mulching will reduce the soil fertility and lead to soil quality degradation. Incorporating exogenous carbon (C) is widely recognized as an effective countermeasure for improving degraded farmland soil under mulching in semiarid areas.</p></div><div><h3>Objective or research question</h3><p>We compared the effects of straw and biochar on the accumulation of C and soil biochemical properties in both mulched and non-mulched farmland, and investigated the effects of various types of straw inputs on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A field experiment was conducted to test six treatments: flat planting without mulching (NN), flat planting with straw incorporation (NS), flat planting with biochar incorporation (NB), film mulching (MN), film mulching with straw incorporation (MS), and film mulching with biochar incorporation (MB)]. Comprehensive assessments were conducted in Pengyang, Ningxia, China during the two growing seasons of 2020 and 2021.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Mulching increased the soil hydrothermal conditions, maize yields (29.32 %), and GHG emissions (CO<sub>2</sub>: 10.07 %; N<sub>2</sub>O: 1.42 %) but decreased the soil organic C storage (SOCS: 6.91 %). Straw returning increased the plant fixed C (14.99 %), improved GHG emissions (CO<sub>2</sub>: 4.95 %; N<sub>2</sub>O: 4.33 %), and inhibited CH<sub>4</sub> uptake (3.78 %). Compared with MS, MB reduced the GHG emissions (CO<sub>2</sub>: 9.93 %; N<sub>2</sub>O: 20.97 %) and net global warming potential (7.08 %), but increased the SOCS (SOCS: 3.42 %), C efficiency ratio (CER: 26.93 %), CH<sub>4</sub> uptake (10.72 %), and soil enzyme activities (invertase: 6.48 %; urease: 13.76 %).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Incorporating biochar rather than straw has greater potential for enhancing the soil enzyme activities and C use efficiency while also reducing the GHG emissions and net global warming potential caused by mulching in dryland farming.</p></div><div><h3>Implications or significance</h3><p>In this study, we comprehensively compared the effects of incorporating straw, film mulching, and biochar incorporation on C accumulation, GHG emissions, and maize yields in dryland farming. Our findings provide a scientific basis for achieving green and sustainable high-yield production in mulched dryland farming.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12143,"journal":{"name":"Field Crops Research","volume":"317 ","pages":"Article 109547"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6000,"publicationDate":"2024-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Straw-derived biochar regulates soil enzyme activities, reduces greenhouse gas emissions, and enhances carbon accumulation in farmland under mulching\",\"authors\":\"Yuhao Wang , Zhonghong Tian , Xiaoqun Li , Mengjie Zhang , Yujing Fang , Yingzhou Xiang , Yuchen Liu , Enke Liu , Zhikuan Jia , Kadambot H.M. Siddique , Wei Ting , Weijun Zhang , Peng Zhang\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.fcr.2024.109547\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><h3>Context or problem</h3><p>Film mulching can significantly increase crop yields, but long-term continuous mulching will reduce the soil fertility and lead to soil quality degradation. Incorporating exogenous carbon (C) is widely recognized as an effective countermeasure for improving degraded farmland soil under mulching in semiarid areas.</p></div><div><h3>Objective or research question</h3><p>We compared the effects of straw and biochar on the accumulation of C and soil biochemical properties in both mulched and non-mulched farmland, and investigated the effects of various types of straw inputs on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A field experiment was conducted to test six treatments: flat planting without mulching (NN), flat planting with straw incorporation (NS), flat planting with biochar incorporation (NB), film mulching (MN), film mulching with straw incorporation (MS), and film mulching with biochar incorporation (MB)]. Comprehensive assessments were conducted in Pengyang, Ningxia, China during the two growing seasons of 2020 and 2021.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Mulching increased the soil hydrothermal conditions, maize yields (29.32 %), and GHG emissions (CO<sub>2</sub>: 10.07 %; N<sub>2</sub>O: 1.42 %) but decreased the soil organic C storage (SOCS: 6.91 %). Straw returning increased the plant fixed C (14.99 %), improved GHG emissions (CO<sub>2</sub>: 4.95 %; N<sub>2</sub>O: 4.33 %), and inhibited CH<sub>4</sub> uptake (3.78 %). Compared with MS, MB reduced the GHG emissions (CO<sub>2</sub>: 9.93 %; N<sub>2</sub>O: 20.97 %) and net global warming potential (7.08 %), but increased the SOCS (SOCS: 3.42 %), C efficiency ratio (CER: 26.93 %), CH<sub>4</sub> uptake (10.72 %), and soil enzyme activities (invertase: 6.48 %; urease: 13.76 %).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Incorporating biochar rather than straw has greater potential for enhancing the soil enzyme activities and C use efficiency while also reducing the GHG emissions and net global warming potential caused by mulching in dryland farming.</p></div><div><h3>Implications or significance</h3><p>In this study, we comprehensively compared the effects of incorporating straw, film mulching, and biochar incorporation on C accumulation, GHG emissions, and maize yields in dryland farming. Our findings provide a scientific basis for achieving green and sustainable high-yield production in mulched dryland farming.</p></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":12143,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Field Crops Research\",\"volume\":\"317 \",\"pages\":\"Article 109547\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":5.6000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-08-16\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Field Crops Research\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"97\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378429024003009\",\"RegionNum\":1,\"RegionCategory\":\"农林科学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"AGRONOMY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Field Crops Research","FirstCategoryId":"97","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378429024003009","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"AGRONOMY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Straw-derived biochar regulates soil enzyme activities, reduces greenhouse gas emissions, and enhances carbon accumulation in farmland under mulching
Context or problem
Film mulching can significantly increase crop yields, but long-term continuous mulching will reduce the soil fertility and lead to soil quality degradation. Incorporating exogenous carbon (C) is widely recognized as an effective countermeasure for improving degraded farmland soil under mulching in semiarid areas.
Objective or research question
We compared the effects of straw and biochar on the accumulation of C and soil biochemical properties in both mulched and non-mulched farmland, and investigated the effects of various types of straw inputs on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions.
Methods
A field experiment was conducted to test six treatments: flat planting without mulching (NN), flat planting with straw incorporation (NS), flat planting with biochar incorporation (NB), film mulching (MN), film mulching with straw incorporation (MS), and film mulching with biochar incorporation (MB)]. Comprehensive assessments were conducted in Pengyang, Ningxia, China during the two growing seasons of 2020 and 2021.
Results
Mulching increased the soil hydrothermal conditions, maize yields (29.32 %), and GHG emissions (CO2: 10.07 %; N2O: 1.42 %) but decreased the soil organic C storage (SOCS: 6.91 %). Straw returning increased the plant fixed C (14.99 %), improved GHG emissions (CO2: 4.95 %; N2O: 4.33 %), and inhibited CH4 uptake (3.78 %). Compared with MS, MB reduced the GHG emissions (CO2: 9.93 %; N2O: 20.97 %) and net global warming potential (7.08 %), but increased the SOCS (SOCS: 3.42 %), C efficiency ratio (CER: 26.93 %), CH4 uptake (10.72 %), and soil enzyme activities (invertase: 6.48 %; urease: 13.76 %).
Conclusions
Incorporating biochar rather than straw has greater potential for enhancing the soil enzyme activities and C use efficiency while also reducing the GHG emissions and net global warming potential caused by mulching in dryland farming.
Implications or significance
In this study, we comprehensively compared the effects of incorporating straw, film mulching, and biochar incorporation on C accumulation, GHG emissions, and maize yields in dryland farming. Our findings provide a scientific basis for achieving green and sustainable high-yield production in mulched dryland farming.
期刊介绍：
Field Crops Research is an international journal publishing scientific articles on:
√ experimental and modelling research at field, farm and landscape levels
on temperate and tropical crops and cropping systems,
with a focus on crop ecology and physiology, agronomy, and plant genetics and breeding.
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