{"title":"有限域中二次残差的 VC 维数","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.disc.2024.114192","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We study the Vapnik–Chervonenkis (VC) dimension of the set of quadratic residues (i.e. squares) in finite fields, <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>F</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>q</mi></mrow></msub></math></span>, when considered as a subset of the additive group. We conjecture that as <span><math><mi>q</mi><mo>→</mo><mo>∞</mo></math></span>, the squares have the maximum possible VC-dimension, viz. <span><math><mo>(</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>+</mo><mi>o</mi><mo>(</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>)</mo><mo>)</mo><msub><mrow><mi>log</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub><mo></mo><mi>q</mi></math></span>. We prove, using the Weil bound for multiplicative character sums, that the VC-dimension is <span><math><mo>⩾</mo><mo>(</mo><mfrac><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></mfrac><mo>+</mo><mi>o</mi><mo>(</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>)</mo><mo>)</mo><msub><mrow><mi>log</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub><mo></mo><mi>q</mi></math></span>. We also provide numerical evidence for our conjectures. The results generalize to multiplicative subgroups <span><math><mi>Γ</mi><mo>⊆</mo><msubsup><mrow><mi>F</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>q</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>×</mo></mrow></msubsup></math></span> of bounded index.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50572,"journal":{"name":"Discrete Mathematics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7000,"publicationDate":"2024-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0012365X24003236/pdfft?md5=cb2593a83f33c425a70d3257432c949e&pid=1-s2.0-S0012365X24003236-main.pdf","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"The VC dimension of quadratic residues in finite fields\",\"authors\":\"\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.disc.2024.114192\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><p>We study the Vapnik–Chervonenkis (VC) dimension of the set of quadratic residues (i.e. squares) in finite fields, <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>F</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>q</mi></mrow></msub></math></span>, when considered as a subset of the additive group. We conjecture that as <span><math><mi>q</mi><mo>→</mo><mo>∞</mo></math></span>, the squares have the maximum possible VC-dimension, viz. <span><math><mo>(</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>+</mo><mi>o</mi><mo>(</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>)</mo><mo>)</mo><msub><mrow><mi>log</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub><mo></mo><mi>q</mi></math></span>. We prove, using the Weil bound for multiplicative character sums, that the VC-dimension is <span><math><mo>⩾</mo><mo>(</mo><mfrac><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></mfrac><mo>+</mo><mi>o</mi><mo>(</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>)</mo><mo>)</mo><msub><mrow><mi>log</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub><mo></mo><mi>q</mi></math></span>. We also provide numerical evidence for our conjectures. The results generalize to multiplicative subgroups <span><math><mi>Γ</mi><mo>⊆</mo><msubsup><mrow><mi>F</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>q</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>×</mo></mrow></msubsup></math></span> of bounded index.</p></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":50572,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Discrete Mathematics\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.7000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-08-16\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0012365X24003236/pdfft?md5=cb2593a83f33c425a70d3257432c949e&pid=1-s2.0-S0012365X24003236-main.pdf\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Discrete Mathematics\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"100\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0012365X24003236\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"数学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"MATHEMATICS\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Discrete Mathematics","FirstCategoryId":"100","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0012365X24003236","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"MATHEMATICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
The VC dimension of quadratic residues in finite fields
We study the Vapnik–Chervonenkis (VC) dimension of the set of quadratic residues (i.e. squares) in finite fields, , when considered as a subset of the additive group. We conjecture that as , the squares have the maximum possible VC-dimension, viz. . We prove, using the Weil bound for multiplicative character sums, that the VC-dimension is . We also provide numerical evidence for our conjectures. The results generalize to multiplicative subgroups of bounded index.
期刊介绍:
Discrete Mathematics provides a common forum for significant research in many areas of discrete mathematics and combinatorics. Among the fields covered by Discrete Mathematics are graph and hypergraph theory, enumeration, coding theory, block designs, the combinatorics of partially ordered sets, extremal set theory, matroid theory, algebraic combinatorics, discrete geometry, matrices, and discrete probability theory.
Items in the journal include research articles (Contributions or Notes, depending on length) and survey/expository articles (Perspectives). Efforts are made to process the submission of Notes (short articles) quickly. The Perspectives section features expository articles accessible to a broad audience that cast new light or present unifying points of view on well-known or insufficiently-known topics.