对植物可利用土壤磷的功能和机理评估大大提高了玉米产量响应的多点诊断能力

IF 5.6 1区 农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景或问题土壤中可利用的磷(P)通常通过化学萃取法进行评估,目的是诊断和建议施用磷肥。然而,对于特定作物而言,这种方法只能较好地预测多个实验点的产量。为了解决这一重大缺陷,我们开发了一种功能和机理评估方法,以模拟磷酸盐离子吸收过程中的主要过程。方法基于过程的评估包括将固体到溶液界面上可扩散磷酸盐离子(Pr)的数量与溶液中磷酸盐离子浓度(CP)随时间(t)变化的平衡关系参数化。我们对九个长期田间试验(LTFE)中储存和存档的土壤样本(犁地层)进行了[Pr vs. (CP, t)]参数化,这些土壤样本的磷酸盐施用量不断增加,包括零磷处理(P0)。LTFE 位于不同的土壤(Luvisol、Podzol、Arenosol、Calcosol)中,物理化学性质差异很大。结果 40 个(LTFE×玉米种植年)组合的 CP 值介于 0.02 至 3.86 mg P L-1 之间。(Pr=v×CPw×tp)方程密切描述了[Pr vs. (CP,t)]数据集,(v、w、p)参数与土壤有关。最高产量介于 5.5 至 14.7 吨 DM ha-1 之间,取决于 LTFE 和年份。只有在 P0 时产量才有明显下降,其他 P 率没有差异。玉米相对产量与氯化石蜡之间的关系是特定的,氯化石蜡阈值为 0.95,相对产量为 0.07 至 0.88 毫克 P L-1 溶液。考虑到磷酸盐离子通过扩散平衡氯化石蜡的数量,使用(Pr=v×CPw×tp)等式,当补给时间为 1500 分钟(即大约一天)时,9 种低温冷冻水的反应曲线是单一的。结论对于所研究的 9 个有关磷肥的 LTFE,[Pr vs. (CP,t)] 关系比 Olsen 方法提取的磷更能解释玉米的响应曲线,提高了玉米产量响应多点诊断的精度和可靠性。通过考虑犁层下土壤层的作用,可以取得进一步的进展。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Functional and mechanistic assessment of plant-available soil phosphorus greatly improved the multisite diagnosis of maize yield response

Context or problem

Plant-available soil phosphorus (P) is commonly assessed by chemical extractions with the purpose of diagnosing and advising fertilizer P application. However, for a given crop, this approach only poorly predicts yields obtained from several experimental sites. To solve this major drawback, a functional and mechanistic evaluation has been developed to mimic dominant processes involved in the absorption of phosphate ions.

Objective or research question

In this study, we investigated the predictive ability of a mechanistic approach to diagnose maize (Zea mays L.) yields, in comparison to the common Olsen's method (0.5 M bicarbonate solution).

Methods

The processes-based assessment consists of parameterizing relationships between amount of diffusible phosphate ions (Pr) at the solid-to-solution interface equilibrating the phosphate ions concentration in solution (CP) with time (t). We parameterized [Pr vs. (CP, t)] relationships for stored and archived soil samples (plough layer) of nine long-term field experiments (LTFEs) on increasing rates of P applications including the zero-P treatment (P0). LTFEs were located in different soils (Luvisol, Podzol, Arenosol, Calcosol) with large variations in physico-chemical properties. We also used LTFEs database of maize yields.

Results

The CP values ranged from 0.02 to 3.86 mg P L−1 for 40 (LTFE×year of maize cropping) combinations. The (Pr=v×CPw×tp) equation closely described the [Pr vs. (CP, t)] datasets, with (v, w, p) parameters being soil specific. Maximum yields ranged from 5.5 to 14.7 t DM ha−1 depending on LTFEs and years. Yields decreased significantly only in P0, and did not differ for other P rates. The relationship between the relative maize yield and CP was sites-specific with CP thresholds to obtain a relative yield of 0.95 ranged from 0.07 to 0.88 mg P L−1 solution. Taking into account amounts of phosphate ions which balance CP by diffusion using (Pr=v×CPw×tp) equations, a single response curve is observed for the 9 LTFEs when the replenishment time is 1500 minutes (i.e. about one day). The critical CP thresholds closely correlated to the ability of the soil solid phase to buffer phosphate ions in solution.

Conclusions

For the 9 studied LTFEs on P fertilization, the [Pr vs. (CP, t)] relationships were more able to account for maize response curves than P extracted by Olsen method, improving the precision and reliability of the multisite diagnosis of maize yield response.

Implications or significance

As a result, P fertilization recommendations are more reliable regardless of soil type. Further progress could be gained by taking into account for the role of the soil layer beneath the plough layer.

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来源期刊
Field Crops Research
Field Crops Research 农林科学-农艺学
CiteScore
9.60
自引率
12.10%
发文量
307
审稿时长
46 days
期刊介绍: Field Crops Research is an international journal publishing scientific articles on: √ experimental and modelling research at field, farm and landscape levels on temperate and tropical crops and cropping systems, with a focus on crop ecology and physiology, agronomy, and plant genetics and breeding.
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