评估和诊断患有头晕的儿科患者。

IF 1.9 4区 医学 Q2 OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY
Karl W Doerfer, Erin Harvey, Samantha LaPrade
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引用次数: 0

摘要

审查目的:由于系统性和固有的障碍,出现头晕的儿童经常得不到正确的诊断或延误诊断。虽然导致小儿头晕的大多数原因并不涉及外周前庭系统,但耳鼻喉科医生经常会被咨询以获得专家意见。本研究概述了导致小儿头晕和失衡的主要原因,以帮助耳鼻喉科医生评估和管理这一具有挑战性的人群:对头晕儿童的评估应排除严重的中枢神经系统疾病。大约 70% 的非危险性小儿头晕病例是由偏头痛相关疾病、脑震荡或功能性障碍引起的。外周前庭功能障碍的病因包括内耳畸形和成人常见的前庭疾病。听力测试和前庭测试可以提供有用的信息,但正确的诊断取决于详细的病史。虽然大多数潜在病因不属于耳鼻喉科医生的诊疗范围,但了解可能的病因有助于正确诊断和适当治疗。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Evaluation and diagnosis of pediatric patients with dizziness.

Purpose of review: Children experiencing dizziness frequently go unevaluated or experience delays in correct diagnosis due to systemic and inherent barriers. While most causes of pediatric dizziness do not involve the peripheral vestibular system, otolaryngologists are frequently consulted for expert opinion. This study offers a broad overview of the leading causes of pediatric dizziness and imbalance to assist otolaryngologists with evaluating and managing this challenging population.

Recent findings: Evaluation of children with dizziness should exclude serious central nervous system conditions. Approximately 70% of nonhazardous cases of pediatric dizziness are caused by migraine-related conditions, concussion, or functional disorders. Etiologies for peripheral vestibular dysfunction include inner ear malformations and vestibular disorders more commonly seen in adults. Audiometric and vestibular testing can provide helpful information, although correct diagnosis depends on a detailed history.

Summary: Otolaryngologists should be familiar with the conditions that cause dizziness in children. While most underlying causes are outside their scope of practice, understanding possible etiologies can facilitate correct diagnosis and appropriate management.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
2.90
自引率
0.00%
发文量
96
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Current Opinion in Otolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery is a bimonthly publication offering a unique and wide ranging perspective on the key developments in the field. Each issue features hand-picked review articles from our team of expert editors. With eleven disciplines published across the year – including maxillofacial surgery, head and neck oncology and speech therapy and rehabilitation – every issue also contains annotated references detailing the merits of the most important papers.
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