膳食糖化化合物--对人类健康的影响。

IF 5.7 2区 医学 Q1 TOXICOLOGY
Critical Reviews in Toxicology Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-16 DOI:10.1080/10408444.2024.2362985
Michael Hellwig, Patrick Diel, Gerhard Eisenbrand, Tilman Grune, Sabine Guth, Thomas Henle, Hans-Ulrich Humpf, Hans-Georg Joost, Doris Marko, Jana Raupbach, Angelika Roth, Stefan Vieths, Angela Mally
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引用次数: 0

摘要

糖化化合物 "一词包括多种结构不同的化合物,这些化合物在内源性和食物中通过马氏反应(还原糖和氨基酸之间的化学反应)形成。内源性产生的糖化化合物被认为会导致一系列疾病。由此产生的一个假设是,食物中的糖化化合物也可能造成不良影响,从而对人类健康构成营养风险。在这项工作中,德国研究基金会(DFG)食品安全参议院委员会(SKLM)总结了有关糖化化合物的形成、发生、暴露和毒性的数据(A 部分),并系统评估了膳食中特定糖化化合物的摄入量与疾病(包括过敏、糖尿病、心血管和肾脏疾病、肠道/胃毒性、脑/认知障碍和癌症)之间的潜在关联(B 部分)。在 Pubmed (Medline)、Scopus 和 Web of Science 中进行了系统性搜索,结合使用了与食品、营养和饮食主题领域相关的定义单个糖化化合物和相关疾病模式的关键词,检索到了 253 篇与研究问题相关的原始出版物。其中只有 192 篇符合之前定义的质量标准,因此被认为适合用于评估膳食糖化化合物的潜在健康风险。不过,对于本评估中考虑的每种不利健康影响,只发现了数量有限的人体、动物和体外研究。虽然对人类的研究往往因队列规模小、研究持续时间短和混杂因素而受到限制,但可控制接触单个糖化化合物的动物实验研究提供了一些证据,证明口服接触二羰基化合物会导致糖耐量受损、胰岛素抵抗、心血管影响和肾损伤,尽管其剂量水平远远超过估计的人类接触量。整个数据库的研究结果普遍不一致或没有定论。根据这项系统审查,科学知识管理小组得出结论,目前没有令人信服的证据表明膳食中摄入的糖化化合物与不良健康影响之间存在因果关系。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Dietary glycation compounds - implications for human health.

The term "glycation compounds" comprises a wide range of structurally diverse compounds that are formed endogenously and in food via the Maillard reaction, a chemical reaction between reducing sugars and amino acids. Glycation compounds produced endogenously are considered to contribute to a range of diseases. This has led to the hypothesis that glycation compounds present in food may also cause adverse effects and thus pose a nutritional risk to human health. In this work, the Senate Commission on Food Safety (SKLM) of the German Research Foundation (DFG) summarized data on formation, occurrence, exposure and toxicity of glycation compounds (Part A) and systematically assessed potential associations between dietary intake of defined glycation compounds and disease, including allergy, diabetes, cardiovascular and renal disease, gut/gastrotoxicity, brain/cognitive impairment and cancer (Part B). A systematic search in Pubmed (Medline), Scopus and Web of Science using a combination of keywords defining individual glycation compounds and relevant disease patterns linked to the subject area of food, nutrition and diet retrieved 253 original publications relevant to the research question. Of these, only 192 were found to comply with previously defined quality criteria and were thus considered suitable to assess potential health risks of dietary glycation compounds. For each adverse health effect considered in this assessment, however, only limited numbers of human, animal and in vitro studies were identified. While studies in humans were often limited due to small cohort size, short study duration, and confounders, experimental studies in animals that allow for controlled exposure to individual glycation compounds provided some evidence for impaired glucose tolerance, insulin resistance, cardiovascular effects and renal injury in response to oral exposure to dicarbonyl compounds, albeit at dose levels by far exceeding estimated human exposures. The overall database was generally inconsistent or inconclusive. Based on this systematic review, the SKLM concludes that there is at present no convincing evidence for a causal association between dietary intake of glycation compounds and adverse health effects.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
9.50
自引率
1.70%
发文量
29
期刊介绍: Critical Reviews in Toxicology provides up-to-date, objective analyses of topics related to the mechanisms of action, responses, and assessment of health risks due to toxicant exposure. The journal publishes critical, comprehensive reviews of research findings in toxicology and the application of toxicological information in assessing human health hazards and risks. Toxicants of concern include commodity and specialty chemicals such as formaldehyde, acrylonitrile, and pesticides; pharmaceutical agents of all types; consumer products such as macronutrients and food additives; environmental agents such as ambient ozone; and occupational exposures such as asbestos and benzene.
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