蜜蜂(Apis mellifera)一般智能定律的可能证据

IF 4.3 3区 材料科学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC
Mateo Peñaherrera-Aguirre , Matthew A. Sarraf , Michael A. Woodley of Menie , Aurelio-Jose Figueredo
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引用次数: 0

摘要

Finke、Scheiner、Giurfa 和 Avarguès-Weber(2023 年)发表了蜜蜂(Apis mellifera)在视觉和嗅觉刺激条件下完成三项学习任务(联想、逆转和负模式,分别捕捉操作性条件反射、类似执行功能的能力和抑制加构型处理)的相关数据。他们推测,一般认知能力(GCA)可能会微弱地导致这些不同学习模式下的表现之间的全正相关性,但并没有正式检验这种可能性。对 Finke 等人(2023 年)的数据进行因子分析后发现,存在两个完全一致的 GCA 因子(每个刺激条件一个)。这两个因子的载荷均为正值,其中视觉因子占成绩变异的 46.8%,嗅觉因子占 52.3%。诊断统计证实,在两种刺激条件下,相关矩阵都足以进行因子分析。这些研究结果支持了现有的假设,即GCA会影响蜜蜂认知指标之间的协方差,并首次在无脊椎动物中正式证明了GCA的潜在作用。该研究认为,GCA 在拥有有组织神经系统的元古宙中可能无处不在,这可能是因为它在独立的系统发育中多次趋同进化,而这正是克里斯托弗-查布里斯(Christopher Chabris)提出的 "通用智能定律"(Law of General Intelligence)的一个关键预测。事实上,目前已经在昆虫、鸟类、哺乳动物和鱼类类群中发现了 GCA。GCA 的某些 "原始 "方面甚至可能来自于后生动物,有人建议利用秀丽隐杆线虫进行实验,有可能揭示这些方面。这些发现还与进化论和比较心理学理论中对认知进化的 "模块优先 "理解大相径庭,例如最近有人提出,较小的大脑无法容纳产生 GCA 的结构。本文还讨论了这些发现的其他理论意义。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Possible evidence for the Law of General Intelligence in honeybees (Apis mellifera)

Finke, Scheiner, Giurfa, and Avarguès-Weber (2023) published correlational data on the performance of honeybees (Apis mellifera) in three learning tasks (associative, reversal, and negative patterning, capturing the domains of operant conditioning, executive-functioning-like ability, and inhibition plus configural processing, respectively) evaluated under both visual and olfactory stimulus conditions. They speculate that general cognitive ability (GCA) may be weakly causing all-positive correlations between performance in these different learning modalities, but do not formally test this possibility. A factor-analytic model applied to Finke et al. (2023) data revealed the presence of two perfectly congruent GCA factors (one for each stimulus condition). Both exhibited all-positive loadings, with the visual factor accounting for 46.8% of the performance variance and the olfactory factor accounting for 52.3%. Diagnostic statistics confirmed that in both stimulus conditions, the correlation matrices were adequate for factor analysis. These findings support extant hypotheses that GCA influences covariation between cognitive measures in honeybees, and constitute the first formal potential demonstration of GCA in an invertebrate. It is argued that GCA might be ubiquitous with respect to metazoans possessing organized nervous systems, perhaps because it convergently evolved multiple times in independent phylogenies, this being a key prediction of Christopher Chabris' Law of General Intelligence. Indeed, GCA has now been identified in insect, avian, mammal, and fish taxa. Some “primordial” aspects of GCA may even by basal to metazoans, and experiments employing Caenorhabditis elegans are suggested that could potentially shed light on such aspects. The findings are also strikingly inconsistent with evolutionary and comparative psychological theories positing a “modules first” understanding of cognitive evolution, such as one recent proposal that smaller brains cannot accommodate structures that give rise to GCA. Other theoretical implications of these findings are discussed.

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