疾病潜伏期偏差的因果图。

IF 6.4 2区 医学 Q1 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH
Mahyar Etminan, Ramin Rezaeianzadeh, Mohammad A Mansournia
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景:疾病潜伏期是指从发病到疾病诊断的时间。疾病潜伏期偏倚(DLB)可能出现在研究潜伏结果的流行病学研究中,因为疾病发生的确切时间是未知的,可能发生在暴露开始之前,从而可能导致偏倚。虽然 DLB 会影响对不同类型的慢性疾病(如阿尔茨海默病、癌症等)进行的流行病学研究,但 DLB 会以何种方式给这些研究带来偏差,此前尚未阐明。为了更好地理解和控制 DLB.Development,关于 DLB 可能继发的具体偏倚类型及其结构的信息对于研究人员来说至关重要:在此,我们使用有向无环图(DAG)描述了 DLB 可能(通过不同结构)在针对潜在结果的流行病学研究中引入偏倚的四种情况。我们还讨论了在这些研究中更好地理解、检查和控制 DLB 的潜在策略:利用因果图,我们展示了疾病潜伏期偏倚可通过以下方式影响流行病学研究的结果:(i) 未测量的混杂因素;(ii) 反向因果关系;(iii) 选择偏倚;(iv) 通过中介因素产生的偏倚:疾病潜伏期偏差是一种重要的偏差,可能会影响一些涉及潜伏结果的流行病学研究。因果图可以帮助研究人员更好地识别和控制这种偏差。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Causal diagrams for disease latency bias.

Background: Disease latency is defined as the time from disease initiation to disease diagnosis. Disease latency bias (DLB) can arise in epidemiological studies that examine latent outcomes, since the exact timing of the disease inception is unknown and might occur before exposure initiation, potentially leading to bias. Although DLB can affect epidemiological studies that examine different types of chronic disease (e.g. Alzheimer's disease, cancer etc), the manner by which DLB can introduce bias into these studies has not been previously elucidated. Information on the specific types of bias, and their structure, that can arise secondary to DLB is critical for researchers, to enable better understanding and control for DLB.

Development: Here we describe four scenarios by which DLB can introduce bias (through different structures) into epidemiological studies that address latent outcomes, using directed acyclic graphs (DAGs). We also discuss potential strategies to better understand, examine and control for DLB in these studies.

Application: Using causal diagrams, we show that disease latency bias can affect results of epidemiological studies through: (i) unmeasured confounding; (ii) reverse causality; (iii) selection bias; (iv) bias through a mediator.

Conclusion: Disease latency bias is an important bias that can affect a number of epidemiological studies that address latent outcomes. Causal diagrams can assist researchers better identify and control for this bias.

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来源期刊
International journal of epidemiology
International journal of epidemiology 医学-公共卫生、环境卫生与职业卫生
CiteScore
13.60
自引率
2.60%
发文量
226
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: The International Journal of Epidemiology is a vital resource for individuals seeking to stay updated on the latest advancements and emerging trends in the field of epidemiology worldwide. The journal fosters communication among researchers, educators, and practitioners involved in the study, teaching, and application of epidemiology pertaining to both communicable and non-communicable diseases. It also includes research on health services and medical care. Furthermore, the journal presents new methodologies in epidemiology and statistics, catering to professionals working in social and preventive medicine. Published six times a year, the International Journal of Epidemiology provides a comprehensive platform for the analysis of data. Overall, this journal is an indispensable tool for staying informed and connected within the dynamic realm of epidemiology.
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