Recent Advances in Basic Studies of Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound in Periodontal Tissue Regeneration: A Systematic Review.

Approximately half of the adult population is suffering from periodontal disease, and conventional periodontal treatment strategies can only slow the progression of the disease. As a kind of tissue engineering, periodontal regeneration brings hope for the treatment of periodontal disease. Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) is a form of ultrasound with a frequency of 1-3 MHz and a much lower intensity (< 1W/cm²) than traditional ultrasound energy and output. LIPUS has been adopted for a variety of therapeutic purposes due to its bioeffects such as thermal, mechanical, and cavitation effects, which induce intracellular biochemical effects and lead to tissue repair and regeneration ultimately. In this systematic review, we summarize the basic research of LIPUS in the treatment of periodontal disease in periodontal disease animal models and the influence of LIPUS on the biological behavior (including promoting osteogenic differentiation of stem cells and inhibiting inflammatory response) and potential mechanism of periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs), hoping to provide new ideas for the treatment of periodontal disease. We believe that LIPUS can be used as an auxiliary strategy in the treatment of periodontal disease and play an exciting and positive role in periodontal regeneration.