澜沧江-湄公河流域中游特大干旱事件中的水汽环流异常现象

IF 7.3 1区 地球科学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Earths Future Pub Date : 2024-08-02 DOI:10.1029/2023EF004292
Guoqing Gong, Shuyu Zhang, Baoni Li, Yufan Chen, Penghan Chen, Kai Wang, Thian Yew Gan, Deliang Chen, Junguo Liu
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引用次数: 0

摘要

澜沧江-湄公河流域(M-LMRB)中游地区在 2019 年经历了破纪录的干旱事件,造成了约 6.5 亿美元的重大经济损失,影响人口达 1700 万。然而,水汽的异常环流和输送过程可能在诱发此次特大干旱中发挥了关键作用,但尚未得到充分研究。在本研究中,我们利用陆地-大气水平衡和用于水汽跟踪的后向轨迹模型分析了 2019 年干旱事件期间的水汽环流。结果表明,2019 年 5 月至 10 月,M-LMRB 的降水量仅为长期气候平均值(1959-2021 年)的 71.9%。这次干旱事件中的低降水量可归因于外部水汽供应少于正常水平。具体而言,后向轨迹模式显示,从印度洋、孟加拉湾和太平洋输送的水汽量减少,而这些地方是该地区降水的主要水汽来源。将 2019 年的大气环流模式与气候学进行比较,我们发现孟加拉湾的反气旋条件异常、印度洋东北部的西风异常以及西太平洋的气旋异常,共同促进了该地区更强的水汽输出。因此,在造成 2019 年极端干旱事件的过程中,动力过程比热动力过程发挥了更重要的作用。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Anomalous Water Vapor Circulation in an Extreme Drought Event of the Mid-Reaches of the Lancang-Mekong River Basin

Anomalous Water Vapor Circulation in an Extreme Drought Event of the Mid-Reaches of the Lancang-Mekong River Basin

The middle reaches of the Lancang-Mekong River Basin (M-LMRB) experienced a record-breaking drought event in 2019, resulting in significant economic losses of approximately 650 million dollars and affecting a population of 17 million. However, the anomalous circulation and transportation processes of water vapor, which may have played a crucial role in inducing the extreme drought, have not been fully studied. In this study, we analyze the water vapor circulation during the 2019 drought event using the land-atmosphere water balance and a backward trajectory model for moisture tracking. Our results indicate that the precipitation in the M-LMRB from May to October 2019 was only 71.9% of the long-term climatological mean (1959–2021). The low precipitation during this drought event can be attributed to less-than-normal external water vapor supply. Specifically, the backward trajectory model reveals a decrease in the amount of water vapor transported from the Indian Ocean, the Bay of Bengal, and the Pacific Ocean, which are the main moisture sources for precipitation in the region. Comparing the atmospheric circulation patterns in 2019 with the climatology, we identify anomalous anticyclone conditions in the Bay of Bengal, anomalous westerlies in the Northeast Indian Ocean, and an anomalous cyclone in the Western Pacific Ocean, collectively facilitating a stronger export of water vapor from the region. Therefore, the dynamic processes played a more significant role than thermodynamic processes in contributing to the 2019 extreme drought event.

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来源期刊
Earths Future
Earths Future ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCESGEOSCIENCES, MULTIDI-GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
CiteScore
11.00
自引率
7.30%
发文量
260
审稿时长
16 weeks
期刊介绍: Earth’s Future: A transdisciplinary open access journal, Earth’s Future focuses on the state of the Earth and the prediction of the planet’s future. By publishing peer-reviewed articles as well as editorials, essays, reviews, and commentaries, this journal will be the preeminent scholarly resource on the Anthropocene. It will also help assess the risks and opportunities associated with environmental changes and challenges.
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