Recent Progress and Perspectives on Metal–Organic Framework-Based Electrode Materials for Metal-Ion Batteries and Supercapacitors

With the continuous growth of global energy demands and the increasingly serious environmental problems, the catalytic conversion and storage technology of sustainable energy has attracted more attention. Among the current energy storage methods, electrochemical energy storage (EES) is favored due to its high efficiency, stability, and environmental friendliness. In the development of EES devices, batteries and supercapacitors are the two most effective and attractive types. Metal–organic frameworks (MOF), as an emerging class of ordered crystal materials, are becoming highly promising electrode materials due to their adjustable topology structures, functionality, porosity, and electrocatalytic performances. The low conductivity seriously hinders the application of pristine MOFs in the field of energy storage, and a large number of MOF-based materials have been developed to meet the challenges of energy storage and conversion. Thus, the current review focuses mainly on the use of MOF-based materials (including pristine MOFs, MOF composites, and MOF-derivatives) for EES, especially as electrode materials for metal-ion batteries and supercapacitors, and addresses the influence of material structures on electrochemical performances. Finally, we introduce the current challenges and improvement strategies of MOF-based electrode materials, pointing out the direction for developing electrode materials with industrial application value.