{"title":"与大学生癌症风险相关的自述行为和家族史","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jneb.2024.05.029","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Cancer (CA) among adolescents and young adults (AYA) presents with unique biological characteristics and histological distributions that differ from children or older adults. CA incidence among AYA (15-39 years) is on the rise despite stable rates among other patient populations, and current literature lacks a consensus as to the etiology behind this trend. Behaviors and characteristics such as tobacco use, alcohol consumption, obesity, diet quality, and sedentary lifestyles have been linked to increased CA risk.</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To determine if AYA engage in these behaviors at a higher rate compared to previous years, increasing their risk for CA.</p></div><div><h3>Study Design, Settings, Participants</h3><p>This descriptive, cross-sectional study collected data between 2005-2023 from a convenience sample of undergraduate students ages 18-24 years enrolled in an entry-level, general education nutrition course at a large, northeastern university.</p></div><div><h3>Measurable Outcome/Analysis</h3><p>Alcohol/tobacco/vape use, and self/family medical history were self-reported through an online survey. Dietary intake was assessed via 3-day food records and online nutrient analysis software. Daily activity level (steps/day) was measured via research-grade pedometers. Height and weight were measured in duplicate after an overnight fast by research assistants.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Most of the final sample (n=11600) were female (68.7%) and reported self or family history of CA (69.3%). Average BMI was 23.6±3.7 kg/m2, and 6.1% of students met criteria for obesity (≥30 kg/m2). Over half (57.9%) reported binge drinking within the past 30 days. While a low proportion of students reported smoking cigarettes (6.5%), almost one in four (23.3%) of students reported using an electronic vape daily or almost daily. A low proportion of students met recommendations for fruit (21.6%), vegetable (22.3%) and fiber intake (16%). Most students (74.3%) were categorized as somewhat active, and 11.4% were sedentary-low active.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>While most students reported family or self-history of CA, many also reported behaviors link to increased cancer risk including binge drinking, vaping, and poor dietary quality. This data has the potential to inform interventions targeting AYA aiming to reduce CA risk.</p></div><div><h3>Funding</h3><p>NIFA</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3000,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Self-Reported Behaviors and Family History Associated With Cancer Risk Among College Students\",\"authors\":\"\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.jneb.2024.05.029\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Cancer (CA) among adolescents and young adults (AYA) presents with unique biological characteristics and histological distributions that differ from children or older adults. CA incidence among AYA (15-39 years) is on the rise despite stable rates among other patient populations, and current literature lacks a consensus as to the etiology behind this trend. Behaviors and characteristics such as tobacco use, alcohol consumption, obesity, diet quality, and sedentary lifestyles have been linked to increased CA risk.</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To determine if AYA engage in these behaviors at a higher rate compared to previous years, increasing their risk for CA.</p></div><div><h3>Study Design, Settings, Participants</h3><p>This descriptive, cross-sectional study collected data between 2005-2023 from a convenience sample of undergraduate students ages 18-24 years enrolled in an entry-level, general education nutrition course at a large, northeastern university.</p></div><div><h3>Measurable Outcome/Analysis</h3><p>Alcohol/tobacco/vape use, and self/family medical history were self-reported through an online survey. Dietary intake was assessed via 3-day food records and online nutrient analysis software. Daily activity level (steps/day) was measured via research-grade pedometers. Height and weight were measured in duplicate after an overnight fast by research assistants.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Most of the final sample (n=11600) were female (68.7%) and reported self or family history of CA (69.3%). Average BMI was 23.6±3.7 kg/m2, and 6.1% of students met criteria for obesity (≥30 kg/m2). Over half (57.9%) reported binge drinking within the past 30 days. While a low proportion of students reported smoking cigarettes (6.5%), almost one in four (23.3%) of students reported using an electronic vape daily or almost daily. A low proportion of students met recommendations for fruit (21.6%), vegetable (22.3%) and fiber intake (16%). Most students (74.3%) were categorized as somewhat active, and 11.4% were sedentary-low active.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>While most students reported family or self-history of CA, many also reported behaviors link to increased cancer risk including binge drinking, vaping, and poor dietary quality. This data has the potential to inform interventions targeting AYA aiming to reduce CA risk.</p></div><div><h3>Funding</h3><p>NIFA</p></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":50107,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.3000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-08-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1499404624001295\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"EDUCATION, SCIENTIFIC DISCIPLINES\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1499404624001295","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"EDUCATION, SCIENTIFIC DISCIPLINES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
摘要
背景青少年和年轻成年人(AYA)癌症(CA)具有不同于儿童或老年人的独特生物学特征和组织学分布。尽管其他患者群体的发病率保持稳定,但青少年和年轻人(15-39 岁)的癌症发病率却呈上升趋势,目前的文献对这一趋势背后的病因缺乏共识。烟草使用、饮酒、肥胖、饮食质量和久坐不动的生活方式等行为和特征与 CA 风险的增加有关。研究目的 确定与前几年相比,青少年参与这些行为的比例是否更高,从而增加了他们患 CA 的风险。研究设计、环境、参与者这项描述性横断面研究收集了 2005-2023 年间的数据,研究对象是东北一所大型大学中修读入门级通识教育营养课程的 18-24 岁本科生。饮食摄入量通过 3 天的食物记录和在线营养分析软件进行评估。每日活动量(步/天)通过研究级计步器进行测量。最终样本(n=11600)中大部分为女性(68.7%),并报告自己或家族有 CA 病史(69.3%)。平均体重指数为 23.6±3.7 kg/m2,6.1% 的学生符合肥胖标准(≥30 kg/m2)。半数以上(57.9%)的学生表示在过去 30 天内曾酗酒。虽然吸烟的学生比例较低(6.5%),但几乎四分之一(23.3%)的学生表示每天或几乎每天都使用电子烟。符合建议水果摄入量(21.6%)、蔬菜摄入量(22.3%)和纤维摄入量(16%)的学生比例较低。大多数学生(74.3%)被归类为有点活跃,11.4%的学生为久坐不动-低度活跃。结论虽然大多数学生报告了家族或自身的癌症病史,但许多学生也报告了与癌症风险增加有关的行为,包括酗酒、吸电子烟和不良饮食质量。这些数据有可能为针对青少年的旨在降低癌症风险的干预措施提供信息。
Self-Reported Behaviors and Family History Associated With Cancer Risk Among College Students
Background
Cancer (CA) among adolescents and young adults (AYA) presents with unique biological characteristics and histological distributions that differ from children or older adults. CA incidence among AYA (15-39 years) is on the rise despite stable rates among other patient populations, and current literature lacks a consensus as to the etiology behind this trend. Behaviors and characteristics such as tobacco use, alcohol consumption, obesity, diet quality, and sedentary lifestyles have been linked to increased CA risk.
Objective
To determine if AYA engage in these behaviors at a higher rate compared to previous years, increasing their risk for CA.
Study Design, Settings, Participants
This descriptive, cross-sectional study collected data between 2005-2023 from a convenience sample of undergraduate students ages 18-24 years enrolled in an entry-level, general education nutrition course at a large, northeastern university.
Measurable Outcome/Analysis
Alcohol/tobacco/vape use, and self/family medical history were self-reported through an online survey. Dietary intake was assessed via 3-day food records and online nutrient analysis software. Daily activity level (steps/day) was measured via research-grade pedometers. Height and weight were measured in duplicate after an overnight fast by research assistants.
Results
Most of the final sample (n=11600) were female (68.7%) and reported self or family history of CA (69.3%). Average BMI was 23.6±3.7 kg/m2, and 6.1% of students met criteria for obesity (≥30 kg/m2). Over half (57.9%) reported binge drinking within the past 30 days. While a low proportion of students reported smoking cigarettes (6.5%), almost one in four (23.3%) of students reported using an electronic vape daily or almost daily. A low proportion of students met recommendations for fruit (21.6%), vegetable (22.3%) and fiber intake (16%). Most students (74.3%) were categorized as somewhat active, and 11.4% were sedentary-low active.
Conclusions
While most students reported family or self-history of CA, many also reported behaviors link to increased cancer risk including binge drinking, vaping, and poor dietary quality. This data has the potential to inform interventions targeting AYA aiming to reduce CA risk.
期刊介绍:
The Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior (JNEB), the official journal of the Society for Nutrition Education and Behavior, is a refereed, scientific periodical that serves as a global resource for all professionals with an interest in nutrition education; nutrition and physical activity behavior theories and intervention outcomes; complementary and alternative medicine related to nutrition behaviors; food environment; food, nutrition, and physical activity communication strategies including technology; nutrition-related economics; food safety education; and scholarship of learning related to these areas.
The purpose of JNEB is to document and disseminate original research and emerging issues and practices relevant to these areas worldwide. The Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior welcomes evidence-based manuscripts that provide new insights and useful findings related to nutrition education research, practice and policy. The content areas of JNEB reflect the diverse interests in nutrition and physical activity related to public health, nutritional sciences, education, behavioral economics, family and consumer sciences, and eHealth, including the interests of community-based nutrition-practitioners. As the Society''s official journal, JNEB also includes policy statements, issue perspectives, position papers, and member communications.