Evaluation of the expression of miRNA-214 and circ-0005407 markers and their associated ZFAND3 gene in Oral squamous cell carcinoma

Background and objective

Cancer biomarkers serve as measurable indicators for the early detection of cancer, as they can be detected in sample tissues. They play a crucial role in optimizing decision-making in clinical practice. To advanve in this field, it is necessary to identify of markers with higher sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive value. Therfore, wer have chosen to investigate the expression of multiple biomarkers simultaneously in oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Materials and methods

In this experimental study, we investigated the expression levels of miRNA-214, circ-0005407, and ZFAND3 genes using the quantitative RealTime PCR method. The samples examined included 30 samples of fresh cancerous tissue and adjacent normal tissue obtained from the Cancer Institute of Imam Khomeini Hospital. The data were analyzed using the dependent samples t-test and ANOVA test.

Findings

The mean CT values of circ-0005407, miRNA-214, and ZFAND3 in the cancerous and normal groups were (15.48 ± 1.62 & 13.23 ± 1.63), (16.64 ± 1.51 & 13.21 ± 1.29), and (14.41 ± 1.07 & 16.72 ± 1.28), respectively. There was a statistically significant difference in the expression levels of all markers in the two investigated groups (P˂0.05). The fold change levels in circ-0005407, miRNA-214, and ZFAND3 gene markers were (0.51,0.22,6.34) respectively, indicating an increase in gene expression in cancerous tissue compared to normal. However, the other two markers showed decreased expression in cancerous tissue compared to normal tissue.

Conclusion

Based on the data obtained regarding the change in expression levels of these markers in cancerous tissue compared to normal tissue, it seems that these biomarkers can be used in the early diagnosis of oral cancer.