Hugo Alejandro Álvarez, Gemma Clemente‐Orta, Francisca Ruano
{"title":"蚂蚁和捕食者通过在低空间尺度上与周围植被相互作用来应对虫害压力","authors":"Hugo Alejandro Álvarez, Gemma Clemente‐Orta, Francisca Ruano","doi":"10.1111/jen.13338","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Biological control of pests can be enhanced by the presence of semi‐natural habitats within agricultural landscapes. However, this assumption remains controversial due to inconsistencies related to the type of agroecosystems and the natural enemies studied. Within olive orchards, there is a lack of information regarding the interaction among natural enemies and their relation with habitat structure to control pests at the landscape scale. Here, we investigate the effects of the natural habitat on the pest, pest damage and the interaction of pests and natural enemies – using a trophic guild approach, in organic olive orchards. For this, we decomposed the natural habitats into vegetation structures and analysed their effects with a multi‐scale perspective. Our results show that (1) greater proportions of natural habitats increase the abundance of ants (omnivores) and predators and diminish pest pressures – reducing the impact of <jats:italic>Prays oleae</jats:italic> on olive fruits. (2) Vegetation structures within natural habitats were grouped, based on their effects, into three main vegetation groups: grassland and forest, scrublands and olive trees. However, the dense scrubland and the dense forest improve the abundance of natural enemies that are linked to pest damage the most. (3) <jats:italic>Prays oleae</jats:italic> increases in landscapes dominated by low numbers of patches that are highly aggregated. Conversely, ants and predators increased in landscapes dominated by high numbers of patches that have a less edge‐resembling shape. (4) Within the olive canopy, the abundance of lacewing larvae and salticid spiders is related to lower pest damage and a reduction in <jats:italic>P. oleae</jats:italic> adults respectively. However, when ants and predators interact with the natural habitat, they can cope with pest pressures without the need for high abundances, supporting ‘the more‐effective natural enemy hypothesis’ in agroecosystems.","PeriodicalId":14987,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Entomology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7000,"publicationDate":"2024-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Ants and predators cope with pest pressures by interacting with the surrounding vegetation at low spatial scales\",\"authors\":\"Hugo Alejandro Álvarez, Gemma Clemente‐Orta, Francisca Ruano\",\"doi\":\"10.1111/jen.13338\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"Biological control of pests can be enhanced by the presence of semi‐natural habitats within agricultural landscapes. However, this assumption remains controversial due to inconsistencies related to the type of agroecosystems and the natural enemies studied. Within olive orchards, there is a lack of information regarding the interaction among natural enemies and their relation with habitat structure to control pests at the landscape scale. Here, we investigate the effects of the natural habitat on the pest, pest damage and the interaction of pests and natural enemies – using a trophic guild approach, in organic olive orchards. For this, we decomposed the natural habitats into vegetation structures and analysed their effects with a multi‐scale perspective. Our results show that (1) greater proportions of natural habitats increase the abundance of ants (omnivores) and predators and diminish pest pressures – reducing the impact of <jats:italic>Prays oleae</jats:italic> on olive fruits. (2) Vegetation structures within natural habitats were grouped, based on their effects, into three main vegetation groups: grassland and forest, scrublands and olive trees. However, the dense scrubland and the dense forest improve the abundance of natural enemies that are linked to pest damage the most. (3) <jats:italic>Prays oleae</jats:italic> increases in landscapes dominated by low numbers of patches that are highly aggregated. Conversely, ants and predators increased in landscapes dominated by high numbers of patches that have a less edge‐resembling shape. (4) Within the olive canopy, the abundance of lacewing larvae and salticid spiders is related to lower pest damage and a reduction in <jats:italic>P. oleae</jats:italic> adults respectively. However, when ants and predators interact with the natural habitat, they can cope with pest pressures without the need for high abundances, supporting ‘the more‐effective natural enemy hypothesis’ in agroecosystems.\",\"PeriodicalId\":14987,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Journal of Applied Entomology\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":1.7000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-08-05\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Journal of Applied Entomology\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"97\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1111/jen.13338\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"农林科学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"ENTOMOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Applied Entomology","FirstCategoryId":"97","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jen.13338","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"ENTOMOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Ants and predators cope with pest pressures by interacting with the surrounding vegetation at low spatial scales
Biological control of pests can be enhanced by the presence of semi‐natural habitats within agricultural landscapes. However, this assumption remains controversial due to inconsistencies related to the type of agroecosystems and the natural enemies studied. Within olive orchards, there is a lack of information regarding the interaction among natural enemies and their relation with habitat structure to control pests at the landscape scale. Here, we investigate the effects of the natural habitat on the pest, pest damage and the interaction of pests and natural enemies – using a trophic guild approach, in organic olive orchards. For this, we decomposed the natural habitats into vegetation structures and analysed their effects with a multi‐scale perspective. Our results show that (1) greater proportions of natural habitats increase the abundance of ants (omnivores) and predators and diminish pest pressures – reducing the impact of Prays oleae on olive fruits. (2) Vegetation structures within natural habitats were grouped, based on their effects, into three main vegetation groups: grassland and forest, scrublands and olive trees. However, the dense scrubland and the dense forest improve the abundance of natural enemies that are linked to pest damage the most. (3) Prays oleae increases in landscapes dominated by low numbers of patches that are highly aggregated. Conversely, ants and predators increased in landscapes dominated by high numbers of patches that have a less edge‐resembling shape. (4) Within the olive canopy, the abundance of lacewing larvae and salticid spiders is related to lower pest damage and a reduction in P. oleae adults respectively. However, when ants and predators interact with the natural habitat, they can cope with pest pressures without the need for high abundances, supporting ‘the more‐effective natural enemy hypothesis’ in agroecosystems.
期刊介绍:
The Journal of Applied Entomology publishes original articles on current research in applied entomology, including mites and spiders in terrestrial ecosystems.
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