Review on carbon capture and storage (CCS) from source to sink; part 1: Essential aspects for CO2 pipeline transportation

Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is a promising technology for mitigating greenhouse gas emissions and achieving carbon neutrality. In the CCS value chain, CO₂ pipeline transportation is essential in linking emission sources to storage sites. For instance, the design of CCS transportation requires the consideration of factors such as distance, CO₂ vol, and construction costs while addressing phase changes, corrosion, and optimizing the pipeline network to ensure cost efficiency. Furthermore, involving the meticulous consideration of operational conditions and impurity effects, flow assurance is vital to ensure the safe and efficient transportation of CO₂ through pipelines. Advancements in network optimization techniques and sophisticated modeling have contributed significantly to the realization of CCS projects worldwide. This review investigates essential aspects and relevant studies for effective CO₂ pipeline transportation within a comprehensive framework of CCS infrastructure and its life cycle. State-of-the-art studies have been extensively reviewed and, where necessary, tabulated and plotted for summarization. Via comprehensively understanding and proactively addressing the inherent challenges and considerations associated with CCS transportation, foundation for effective CCS implementation can be laid.