木材种类对垂直方向火灾行为的影响

IF 3.4 3区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, CIVIL
Lucas Terrei , Hassan Flity , Oualid Ikhou , Gaspard Trohel , José Luis Torero , Zoubir Acem , Gilles Parent
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引用次数: 0

摘要

这项研究的目的是调查控制木材自燃、降解和自灭的参数。为此,我们进行了一系列广泛的实验,不仅改变了外部参数,如外部热流,还改变了木材的种类。改变木材种类可以探索热性能和木材成分的作用。共测试了七种木材样本,有轻有重,既有硬木也有软木。实验装置以双锥量热仪为基础,可在预定时刻准确改变施加的热通量。在垂直方向上进行了 600 多次试验,以便进行统计分析。在每次试验中,分别使用精密刻度尺、红外摄像机和通过特殊加工嵌入的细线热电偶测量样品的质量损失、表面温度和深度温度。自燃研究表明,自燃时间随密度的增加而线性增加。尽管这些点火时间的范围很宽,但对于所考虑的所有种类,点火时的表面温度都在同一数量级:2 分钟前的自燃温度在 450 至 700 ℃ 之间,2 分钟后的自燃温度在 700 至 800 ℃ 之间。在低热通量下就能观察到炭氧化的开始。氧化发生的时间因木材种类而异,但表面温度相似,都在 380 至 400 ℃ 之间。通过滑动双加热锥可以确定自动熄灭的标准:根据木材种类的不同,自动熄灭的热通量可在 40 到 55 kW.m 之间变化,并且发现熄灭时的质量损失率与所研究的每个样品的初始密度之间存在线性相关关系。这项研究强调了密度在自燃和自熄中的主导作用。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Effect of the wood species on the fire behavior in vertical orientation

The objective of this study was to investigate the parameters controlling auto-ignition, degradation and auto-extinction of wood. For this purpose an extensive set of experiments was conducted varying extrinsic parameters such as external heat-flux but also the type of wood. Varying the wood species allowed to explore the role of thermal properties and wood composition. Seven wood samples were tested, some light and some heavy, both hardwood and softwood. The experimental setup was based on a double-cone calorimeter, which allowed to accurately change the imposed heat flux at a predefined moment. More than 600 tests were carried out in a vertical orientation, allowing a statistical analysis. For each test, mass loss, surface temperature and in-depth temperature of the samples were measured using a precision scale, an infrared camera and thin wire thermocouples embedded using a special machining, respectively. The auto-ignition study showed that the time to auto-ignition increases linearly with density. Despite a wide range of these times to ignition, the surface temperatures at ignition were in the same order of magnitude for all species considered: between 450 and 700 °C for auto-ignition before 2 min and between 700 and 800 °C for auto-ignition after 2 min. The onset of char oxidation was observed at low heat fluxes. It occurs at different times depending on the wood species, but at similar surface temperatures, between 380 and 400 °C. The sliding double heating cone made it possible to identify the criteria for auto-extinction: the heat flux for auto-extinction can vary from 40 to 55 kW.m−2 depending on the wood species, and a linear correlation was found between the mass loss rate at extinction and the initial density of each sample studied. The study highlights the dominant role of density for auto-ignition and auto-extinction.

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来源期刊
Fire Safety Journal
Fire Safety Journal 工程技术-材料科学:综合
CiteScore
5.70
自引率
9.70%
发文量
153
审稿时长
60 days
期刊介绍: Fire Safety Journal is the leading publication dealing with all aspects of fire safety engineering. Its scope is purposefully wide, as it is deemed important to encourage papers from all sources within this multidisciplinary subject, thus providing a forum for its further development as a distinct engineering discipline. This is an essential step towards gaining a status equal to that enjoyed by the other engineering disciplines.
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