Polyphenolic profile and evaluation of the antimicrobial, antibutyrylcholinesterase, antialpha-amylase and larvicidal activities of Linum trigynum L.

In this study, we investigated the polyphenolic composition of the n-butanol fraction of Linum trigynum L. (BELTr), a medicinal plant from the Linaceae family that grows in Algeria, using RP–UHPLC–ESI–QTOF–MS technique and evaluated of its antimicrobial, larvicidal and inhibition of α-amylase and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) potentials. Fifty-six polyphenols were identified in the BELTr with isomers of vicenin-2 and orientin, and isovitexin as the major compounds. The extract showed a significant inhibition of BChE (IC₅₀: 112.45 ± 3.93 µg/mL) and a good inhibition of α-amylase (IC₅₀: 2.25 ± 4.05 mg/mL). In addition, the BFLTr exhibited antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538P, Salmonella enterica ATCC 13076, Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633, Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 13883, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 19433 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, as well as a yeast strain, Candida albicans ATCC 1031, with MICs values ranging between 250 and 500 µg/mL and a weak larvicidal effect. The extract’s activities may be attributed to its richness in flavonoids and phenolic acids, either through a direct mechanism or in a synergistic one.