The role of THC and CBD in dentistry – a review of impacts on oral health

Introduction and Objective. The use of cannabinoids, particularly Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD), in dentistry has gained attention due to their therapeutic potential and complex pharmacokinetics. These cannabinoids interact with CB1 and CB2 receptors, which are crucial for managing pain, inflammation, and immune responses in oral health. This review examines the impact of cannabinoids on oral health, focusing on their therapeutic benefits and potential adverse effects in treating oral diseases. Review Methods. The literature review utilized databases such as PubMed, ResearchGate, and Google Scholar, covering sources from 2003 – 2024. Key words included ‘cannabinoids’, ‘oral health’, ‘THC’, ‘CBD’, ‘pharmacokinetics’, ‘marijuana adverse effects’, ‘periodontal disease’, ‘oral mucositis’, ‘dental pain management’, and ‘oral cancer’. Inclusion criteria focused on peer-reviewed articles, systematic reviews, clinical trials, case studies, and reviews involving human subjects or relevant animal models.