Reprint of: Evaluation of a community-based pharmacy resident-led continuous glucose monitoring program within a family medicine clinic.

Background: Pharmacist-driven continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) is associated with reduced hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and achievement of daily glycemic goals. Community-based pharmacists are well-positioned to improve CGM uptake among patients with diabetes due to their accessibility and expertise. However, little data exists evaluating the outcomes of CGM services led by a community-based pharmacist.

Objective: To evaluate the impact of a community-based pharmacy resident-driven CGM service on HbA1c, revenue, and patient satisfaction.

Practice description: Independent community pharmacy sharing a clinical services agreement with a primary care clinic for Postgraduate Year One (PGY1) Community-based Pharmacy Residents to provide patient care under general supervision of the physician.

Practice innovation: Patients were offered CGM services if they were 18+ years with an HbA1c > 7.0% and had insurance coverage for CGM. Enrolled patients engaged in three months of pharmacist-led appointments for CGM application, data interpretation, diabetes education, and lifestyle management. Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes 99211, 95250, or 95251 were billed based on each encounter. HbA1c values were collected at program enrollment and conclusion. Patients completed a satisfaction survey at program conclusion.

Evaluation methods: Demographics and billed CPT codes were collected from the electronic health record. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze data.

Results: Eighteen patients were included. A mean reduction of 1.2% occurred in HbA1c (n = 12; 9.7%-8.5%). Forty CPT codes were billed, generating $3671.40 of revenue. Satisfaction surveys were collected for 50% of participants (n = 9). Most were satisfied with the CGM service and its individual components (n = 8, 89%). Most were willing to continue using CGM devices and receive diabetes education from a pharmacist (n = 8, 89%).

Conclusion: A community-based pharmacist-led CGM service demonstrated a reduction in HbA1c and generated revenue for the clinic. Patients reported satisfaction and willingness to continue the service.