Effectiveness of a Systems-Wide Initiative to Address Motivation and Expectations for Treatment on Initial Session Attendance to Outpatient Gambling Treatment.

This brief report expands the results of a prior efficacy study that examined the effect of a letter addressing prospective clients' motivation and expectations for outpatient gambling disorder treatment on initial session attendance. The results of that efficacy study indicated more clients attended the initial session when receiving the letter (77%) compared to receiving a reminder telephone call (51%). The present study examines the effectiveness of messages addressing prospective clients' motivation and expectations for outpatient gambling treatment across an entire treatment system. Messages were sent via letters, telephone, and in-person communication with all clinic staff. Participants were 54 clients with gambling disorder who were seeking outpatient psychological treatment. Results indicated that the percentage of clients attending the initial session was 85%, and no differences in attendance were found between in-person and telehealth sessions. These findings suggest that messages that address motivation and expectations persist under real-world conditions, and treatment systems can make meaningful changes that increase attendance to initial treatment sessions.