意大利 2023/2024 年流感季节的流行病学和疫苗有效性：检测阴性病例对照研究。

IF 4.8 2区医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

International Journal of Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2024-08-08 DOI:10.1016/j.ijid.2024.107202

Alexander Domnich , Giancarlo Icardi , Donatella Panatto , Marianna Scarpaleggia , Carlo-Simone Trombetta , Matilde Ogliastro , Federica Stefanelli , Bianca Bruzzone , Andrea Orsi

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引用次数: 0

摘要

目标：为了支持政策制定者分配资源，我们旨在评估 2023/2024 年流感季节意大利成人可用的灭活流感疫苗（IIVs）的疫苗有效性（VE）：方法：2023 年 10 月中旬至 2024 年 4 月中旬在热那亚开展了一项基于医院的试验阴性病例对照研究。符合条件的成年（≥18 岁）住院患者均需进行流感聚合酶链反应检测：大多数病例（92%）由甲型 H1N1 pdm09 亚型的 6B.1A.5a.2a 和 6B.1A.5a.2a.1 亚支链引起。在年龄≥65 岁的老年人中，接种疫苗对任何甲型流感的有效率为 51%（95% CI：8%，74%），对甲型 H1N1 pdm09 的有效率为 49%（95% CI：2%，73%）。与未接种疫苗的老年人相比，佐剂特别是高剂量 IIV 的 VE 点估计值高于标准剂量非佐剂 IIV：结论：2023/2024 年季节性流感疫苗接种对预防实验室确诊的流感住院治疗效果一般。由于加强型 IIV 更适合老年人，地方决策者和接种医生应尽量采用加强型 IIV。

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Influenza epidemiology and vaccine effectiveness during the 2023/2024 season in Italy: A test-negative case-control study

Objectives

In order to support policymakers in allocating resources, we aimed to assess vaccine effectiveness (VE) of inactivated influenza vaccines (IIVs) available for Italian adults in the 2023/2024 season.

Methods

A hospital-based test-negative case-control study was conducted in Genoa between mid-October 2023 and mid-April 2024. Adult (≥18 years) inpatients with prescription of a polymerase chain reaction test for influenza were eligible.

Results

Of 1,664 adults analyzed, most (82%) of which were ≥65 years, 114 (6.9%) tested positive for influenza A. Most (92%) cases were caused by subclades 6B.1A.5a.2a and 6B.1A.5a.2a.1 of the A(H1N1)pdm09 subtype. In older adults aged ≥65 years vaccination was effective at 51% (95% CI: 8%, 74%) against any influenza A and 49% (95% CI: 2%, 73%) against A(H1N1)pdm09. Compared with non-vaccinated older adults, VE point estimates for the adjuvanted and, especially, high-dose IIVs were higher than those for the standard-dose non-adjuvanted IIV.

Conclusion

The 2023/2024 seasonal influenza vaccination proved moderately effective in preventing hospitalization for laboratory-confirmed influenza. Being more appropriate for older adults, local policymakers and vaccinating physicians should maximize adoption of the enhanced IIVs.

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来源期刊

International Journal of Infectious Diseases 医学-传染病学

CiteScore

18.90

自引率

2.40%

发文量

1020

审稿时长

30 days

期刊介绍： International Journal of Infectious Diseases (IJID) Publisher: International Society for Infectious Diseases Publication Frequency: Monthly Type: Peer-reviewed, Open Access Scope: Publishes original clinical and laboratory-based research. Reports clinical trials, reviews, and some case reports. Focuses on epidemiology, clinical diagnosis, treatment, and control of infectious diseases. Emphasizes diseases common in under-resourced countries.