Emerging frontiers in Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy: early diagnosis and implications for neurotherapeutic interventions.

Introduction: Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE) is a neurodegenerative disorder associated with repetitive head trauma. Historically, the diagnosis has been primarily clinical, which has hindered definitive early diagnosis and proactive intervention.

Areas covered: The authors analyze the recent advancements in early diagnosis of CTE by examining biomarkers, imaging, and clinical decision tools. They discuss the identification of neuropathologies - such as tau aggregates - through novel techniques ranging from blood sampling and to brain density scanning. The reader will walk away with a better understanding of current advancements in early detection and be better equipped to deal with encephalopathies secondary to trauma in clinical practice.

Expert opinion: Tremendous progress has been made in understanding the pathophysiology of CTE. Despite these advancements, CTE treatment is still primarily symptomatic rather than underlying disease. Future research should focus on integrating current understanding of CTE pathophysiology with treatment modalities.