The Davenda-Klyuchevskoe Au-Mo-(Cu) cluster in the Mogocha gold district (Russia): an intrusion-related or porphyry system overprinted by epithermal gold?

The 18 × 4 km Davenda-Klyuchevskoe cluster in the Mogocha mineral district of the Siberian craton hosts gold, silver, molybdenum and copper in six types of mineralization. The general sulphide zoning at the Sergeevskoe and Klyuchevskoe deposits, the largest in the cluster, is similar to porphyry systems, but the orebodies form 4.5 × 1 km multiple linear sulphide-rich quartz-veinlet swarms, rather than a bulk mineralized envelope. Five types of mineralization formed at 162 − 150 Ma. They are clearly overprinted by northeast-striking epithermal Au-Ag carbonate-quartz veins. All mineralization is genetically linked to the Peak Klyuchi subvolcanic centre of Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous age (159 − 132 Ma) which is part of the Amudzhikan intrusive complex, consisting of early complexly shaped ENE-striking granodiorite porphyry stock and dykes, intruded by magmatic to hydrothermal breccia and five generations of WNW-trending dykes of dioritic porphyry, hybrid porphyry, rhyolite, and ultimate lamprophyre. The dykes control or parallel five types of megastockwork orebodies within a dextral extensional strike-slip duplex. However, Au-Ag epithermal veins follow late-mineral northeast faults, dividing the megastockwork into several domains. The Davenda-Klyuchevskoe cluster is part of the Shilka Mo-(Au-Ag-Cu) metallogenic belt, striking within the Siberian craton just 25 km north in parallel to the Mongol-Okhotsk suture. Geochronological and petrological data suggest that the intrusive complex and its mineralization formed in relation to northward-dipping subduction prior to scissor-like suturing in this segment of the Mongol-Okhotsk Ocean in response to the northward push by the North China and Yangtze cratons towards Siberia.