大疱性药疹

IF 3.7 4区 医学 Q1 DERMATOLOGY
Dora Mancha, Cláudia Brazão, Lanyu Sun, João Pedro de Vasconcelos, Teresa Correia, Luís Soares-de-Almeida, Paulo Filipe
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引用次数: 0

摘要

急诊科接诊了一名 63 岁的女性患者,她在接受心导管手术后出现了播散性皮炎。她的既往病史包括接受血液透析的终末期肾病。临床检查发现,她的嘴唇和动静脉瘘管上有糜烂和出血结痂。此外,我们还发现她的左手手背和手掌上有五个色素沉着斑,生殖器部位有多个色素减退斑。在查阅病历时,我们发现该患者曾在使用造影剂后出现过大疱。根据临床病史、临床检查、爆发时限和药物激发试验阳性,诊断为放射性对比剂引起的固定药物爆发(FDE)。静脉注射造影剂的反应可以是即刻的,也可以是延迟的,延迟超敏反应(DHR)发生在用药后一小时到七天。迟发性超敏反应通常表现为斑丘疹。超敏反应很少见。皮肤试验可用于确定致病因子。理想情况下,皮内测试(延迟读数)和斑贴测试相结合,可获得最佳灵敏度。尽管缺乏标准化方案,但使用皮质类固醇进行预处理可减轻反应的严重程度。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Bullous Drug Eruption.

A 63-year-old woman presented at our emergency department with a disseminated dermatosis that developed after undergoing a cardiac catheterization procedure. Her past medical history included an end-stage renal disease undergoing hemodialysis. Clinical examination revealed erosions and hemorrhagic crusts located on her lips and along the arteriovenous fistula. Additionally, we observed five hyperpigmented macules on her left hand's dorsum and palm and multiple hypopigmented macules in the genital area. Upon medical record review, we discovered the occurrence of prior bullous eruptions following contrast administration. A fixed drug eruption (FDE) due to radiocontrast was diagnosed based on clinical history, clinical examination, eruption timeframe, and positive drug provocation test. Intravenous contrast media reactions can be immediate or delayed, with delayed hypersensitivity reactions (DHR) occurring one hour to seven days post-administration. DHRs often present as maculopapular rashes. FDEs are rare. Skin tests are used to identify culprit agents. Ideally, intradermal tests, with delayed readings, and patch tests are combined for optimal sensitivity. Despite lacking standardized protocols, premedication with corticosteroids may mitigate reaction severity.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.20
自引率
2.40%
发文量
389
审稿时长
3-8 weeks
期刊介绍: Clinical and Experimental Dermatology (CED) is a unique provider of relevant and educational material for practising clinicians and dermatological researchers. We support continuing professional development (CPD) of dermatology specialists to advance the understanding, management and treatment of skin disease in order to improve patient outcomes.
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