In Situ Measurement of the Non-Orthogonal Angles of Magnetic Field Coils Based on Single-Beam Magnetic Resonance

This work proposes a novel method for in situ measurement of the non-orthogonal angles of magnetic field coils based on single-beam magnetic resonance. The orthogonality of magnetic field coils is crucial for ensuring the accuracy of atomic magnetometers. The theoretical principles are derived to establish a measurement method for the non-orthogonal angles. The proposed method requires only one single beam of light to perform in situ measurements of non-orthogonal angles in the YZ and XZ directions. The experimental results demonstrate that the angle between the Y and Z coils is 89.3001 ± 0.0045°, a value that remains stable despite variations in experimental parameters such as temperature and light power, thereby confirming the robustness of the method. Additionally, the measured gyromagnetic ratio is 6.9963 ± 0.0005 Hz nT⁻¹, which closely matches the theoretical value of 6.9958 Hz nT⁻¹, further validating the method's accuracy. The proposed method provides a more straightforward approach and has significant potential for widespread application across various atomic magnetometers, especially in miniaturized configurations. Furthermore, this method may be extended to the field of atomic gyroscopes.