{"title":"左心房阑尾峡部和二尖瓣峡部的形态测量:对心房颤动导管消融的影响。","authors":"Rafika Munawara, Jasmine Kaur Saini, Tulika Gupta","doi":"10.1007/s10840-024-01896-7","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFA) targets the left atrial appendage isthmus (LAA isthmus) and mitral isthmus for treatment of atrial fibrillation. However, proximity of left circumflex artery (LCxA) and great cardiac vein (GCV) in the isthmuses poses fatal risks during ablation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study investigated relationships of LCxA and GCV across three lines in the LAA and mitral isthmus, using 15 human cadaveric hearts. Distances between the vessels and the endocardium, myocardium, and perivascular fat thickness were measured.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed that LCxA was mostly consistently located in lower atrial segments and GCV was in lower/upper atrial segments, with change of course mainly observed in the middle of the LAA. The LCxA was found as close as 3-5 mm from the lower border of the LAA isthmus in 80% of specimens, at a depth of 2-3 mm within the LAA isthmus, where 1 mm consisted of myocardium and the remainder was fat, which may not provide adequate protection due to the possibility of liquefaction of fat with heat application. The effective myocardial thickness was consistently 1 mm across all cases in both isthmuses. LCxA was 2 mm in second and third sections of LAA isthmus (\"careful segment\"). LCxA distances from left inferior pulmonary vein opening was 5 to 12 mm, occasionally dangerously close as <1 mm in 16% of cases.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study measured LCxA and GCV in the LAA and mitral isthmus across three lines for the first time in the Indian population, aiding surgeons in RFA planning.</p>","PeriodicalId":16202,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Interventional Cardiac Electrophysiology","volume":" ","pages":"1929-1942"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1000,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Morphometry of left atrial appendage isthmus and mitral isthmus: implications for atrial fibrillation catheter ablation.\",\"authors\":\"Rafika Munawara, Jasmine Kaur Saini, Tulika Gupta\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s10840-024-01896-7\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFA) targets the left atrial appendage isthmus (LAA isthmus) and mitral isthmus for treatment of atrial fibrillation. However, proximity of left circumflex artery (LCxA) and great cardiac vein (GCV) in the isthmuses poses fatal risks during ablation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study investigated relationships of LCxA and GCV across three lines in the LAA and mitral isthmus, using 15 human cadaveric hearts. Distances between the vessels and the endocardium, myocardium, and perivascular fat thickness were measured.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed that LCxA was mostly consistently located in lower atrial segments and GCV was in lower/upper atrial segments, with change of course mainly observed in the middle of the LAA. The LCxA was found as close as 3-5 mm from the lower border of the LAA isthmus in 80% of specimens, at a depth of 2-3 mm within the LAA isthmus, where 1 mm consisted of myocardium and the remainder was fat, which may not provide adequate protection due to the possibility of liquefaction of fat with heat application. The effective myocardial thickness was consistently 1 mm across all cases in both isthmuses. LCxA was 2 mm in second and third sections of LAA isthmus (\\\"careful segment\\\"). LCxA distances from left inferior pulmonary vein opening was 5 to 12 mm, occasionally dangerously close as <1 mm in 16% of cases.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study measured LCxA and GCV in the LAA and mitral isthmus across three lines for the first time in the Indian population, aiding surgeons in RFA planning.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":16202,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Journal of Interventional Cardiac Electrophysiology\",\"volume\":\" \",\"pages\":\"1929-1942\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.1000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-11-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Journal of Interventional Cardiac Electrophysiology\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10840-024-01896-7\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"2024/8/2 0:00:00\",\"PubModel\":\"Epub\",\"JCR\":\"Q3\",\"JCRName\":\"CARDIAC & CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Interventional Cardiac Electrophysiology","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10840-024-01896-7","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2024/8/2 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"CARDIAC & CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS","Score":null,"Total":0}
Morphometry of left atrial appendage isthmus and mitral isthmus: implications for atrial fibrillation catheter ablation.
Background: Radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFA) targets the left atrial appendage isthmus (LAA isthmus) and mitral isthmus for treatment of atrial fibrillation. However, proximity of left circumflex artery (LCxA) and great cardiac vein (GCV) in the isthmuses poses fatal risks during ablation.
Methods: This study investigated relationships of LCxA and GCV across three lines in the LAA and mitral isthmus, using 15 human cadaveric hearts. Distances between the vessels and the endocardium, myocardium, and perivascular fat thickness were measured.
Results: The results showed that LCxA was mostly consistently located in lower atrial segments and GCV was in lower/upper atrial segments, with change of course mainly observed in the middle of the LAA. The LCxA was found as close as 3-5 mm from the lower border of the LAA isthmus in 80% of specimens, at a depth of 2-3 mm within the LAA isthmus, where 1 mm consisted of myocardium and the remainder was fat, which may not provide adequate protection due to the possibility of liquefaction of fat with heat application. The effective myocardial thickness was consistently 1 mm across all cases in both isthmuses. LCxA was 2 mm in second and third sections of LAA isthmus ("careful segment"). LCxA distances from left inferior pulmonary vein opening was 5 to 12 mm, occasionally dangerously close as <1 mm in 16% of cases.
Conclusion: This study measured LCxA and GCV in the LAA and mitral isthmus across three lines for the first time in the Indian population, aiding surgeons in RFA planning.
期刊介绍:
The Journal of Interventional Cardiac Electrophysiology is an international publication devoted to fostering research in and development of interventional techniques and therapies for the management of cardiac arrhythmias. It is designed primarily to present original research studies and scholarly scientific reviews of basic and applied science and clinical research in this field. The Journal will adopt a multidisciplinary approach to link physical, experimental, and clinical sciences as applied to the development of and practice in interventional electrophysiology. The Journal will examine techniques ranging from molecular, chemical and pharmacologic therapies to device and ablation technology. Accordingly, original research in clinical, epidemiologic and basic science arenas will be considered for publication. Applied engineering or physical science studies pertaining to interventional electrophysiology will be encouraged. The Journal is committed to providing comprehensive and detailed treatment of major interventional therapies and innovative techniques in a structured and clinically relevant manner. It is directed at clinical practitioners and investigators in the rapidly growing field of interventional electrophysiology. The editorial staff and board reflect this bias and include noted international experts in this area with a wealth of expertise in basic and clinical investigation. Peer review of all submissions, conflict of interest guidelines and periodic editorial board review of all Journal policies have been established.