日本铁路公司的成本效率以及 COVID-19 大流行和数字化转型的影响

IF 2.1 Q2 ECONOMICS
Hideaki Endo, Mika Goto
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引用次数: 0

摘要

COVID-19 大流行病的爆发严重影响了铁路业务。本研究的目的是通过定量评估铁路运营的成本效率,为铁路公司管理层和政策制定者提供重要信息。我们通过对日本上市铁路公司 2005 年至 2020 年的运营和财务数据进行随机前沿分析,对其效率进行了研究。然后,我们按成本效率水平将这些公司分为四组,并找出最佳实践公司的特征。此外,我们还分析了大流行之前和期间影响成本效率的因素。最后,我们讨论了数字化转型(DX)的可持续业务实践和措施,这些实践和措施可用于提高效率并在大流行病等严重事件中存活下来。研究结果表明,成本效益高的公司通过积极的数字化转型投资创造了新的服务,从而成功地确保了利润。本研究的实际贡献有三个方面:量化大流行病导致的效率下降;确定最佳实践公司的特征;研究成本效率水平与可持续商业实践的具体措施和投资之间的关系。本研究提出了一个结合传统方法的新分析框架。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Cost Inefficiency of Japanese Railway Companies and Impacts of COVID-19 Pandemic and Digital Transformation
The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic seriously affected railway businesses. The motivation of this study is to provide vital information to railway company management and policymakers by quantitatively assessing the cost efficiency of railway operations. We examine the efficiency of Japanese listed railway companies by applying stochastic frontier analysis to their operational and financial data from 2005 to 2020. Then, we classify the companies into four groups by cost efficiency levels and identify the characteristics of the best-practice companies. Furthermore, we analyze the factors influencing cost efficiency before and during the pandemic. Finally, we discuss the sustainable business practices and measures of digital transformation (DX) that can be applied to improve efficiency and survive severe events like the pandemic. From the results, we reveal that cost-efficient companies succeeded in securing profits through the creation of new services by proactive DX investments. The practical contributions of this study are threefold: quantifying the deterioration in efficiency due to the pandemic; identifying characteristics of best-practice companies; and examining the relationship between cost efficiency levels and concrete measures and investments for sustainable business practices. This study proposes a new analytical framework that combines conventional methods.
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来源期刊
Economies
Economies Economics, Econometrics and Finance-Economics, Econometrics and Finance (miscellaneous)
CiteScore
4.00
自引率
11.50%
发文量
271
审稿时长
11 weeks
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