{"title":"相对湿度对带有氢化氮化碳涂层的摩擦学系统中低摩擦界面的形成及其连续性的影响","authors":"Kazuya Kuriyagawa, Tatsuki Tamagawa, Koshi Adachi","doi":"10.1007/s11249-024-01899-5","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The impact of relative humidity on the formation of low-frictional interface in hydrogenated carbon nitride (CN<sub>x</sub>:H) coatings sliding against Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> balls and the formation continuity was elucidated through friction tests conducted in both air and nitrogen atmospheres with controlled relative humidity levels. In air atmosphere, a carbonaceous tribolayer with a transformed structure from the initial CN<sub>x</sub>:H was formed on Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> at less than the critical humidity that existed in 1.0–3.0% RH, resulting in low friction (μ < 0.05) and a low specific wear rate of the balls (< 2 × 10<sup>–9</sup> mm<sup>3</sup>/N·m). In contrast, this tribolayer failed to form above 3.0% RH. In nitrogen atmosphere, within the 0.25–1.0% RH range, the tribolayer continued to form concurrently with wear progression, maintaining low friction for over 50,000 cycles. However, in less than this humidity range, the lifetime of low friction was limited owing to the tribolayer’s structural alteration. Thus, relative humidity influences not only the formation of the low-frictional interface but also the formation continuity. On the CN<sub>x</sub>:H friction surface, hydrogen, hydroxyl, and oxygen groups from environmental water and oxygen molecules continued to chemisorb owing to tribochemical reactions on the uppermost few nanometers during continuous low friction in a nitrogen atmosphere, while hydrogen content of CN<sub>x</sub>:H desorbed. This study experimentally confirmed the critical role of controlling relative humidity in tribological systems using CN<sub>x</sub>:H coatings to achieve low friction and improve its durability of low friction through the continuous formation of the low-frictional interface.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":806,"journal":{"name":"Tribology Letters","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9000,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11249-024-01899-5.pdf","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Impact of Relative Humidity on the Formation of Low-Frictional Interface and its Continuity in Tribological Systems with Hydrogenated Carbon Nitride Coatings\",\"authors\":\"Kazuya Kuriyagawa, Tatsuki Tamagawa, Koshi Adachi\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s11249-024-01899-5\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><p>The impact of relative humidity on the formation of low-frictional interface in hydrogenated carbon nitride (CN<sub>x</sub>:H) coatings sliding against Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> balls and the formation continuity was elucidated through friction tests conducted in both air and nitrogen atmospheres with controlled relative humidity levels. In air atmosphere, a carbonaceous tribolayer with a transformed structure from the initial CN<sub>x</sub>:H was formed on Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> at less than the critical humidity that existed in 1.0–3.0% RH, resulting in low friction (μ < 0.05) and a low specific wear rate of the balls (< 2 × 10<sup>–9</sup> mm<sup>3</sup>/N·m). In contrast, this tribolayer failed to form above 3.0% RH. In nitrogen atmosphere, within the 0.25–1.0% RH range, the tribolayer continued to form concurrently with wear progression, maintaining low friction for over 50,000 cycles. However, in less than this humidity range, the lifetime of low friction was limited owing to the tribolayer’s structural alteration. Thus, relative humidity influences not only the formation of the low-frictional interface but also the formation continuity. On the CN<sub>x</sub>:H friction surface, hydrogen, hydroxyl, and oxygen groups from environmental water and oxygen molecules continued to chemisorb owing to tribochemical reactions on the uppermost few nanometers during continuous low friction in a nitrogen atmosphere, while hydrogen content of CN<sub>x</sub>:H desorbed. This study experimentally confirmed the critical role of controlling relative humidity in tribological systems using CN<sub>x</sub>:H coatings to achieve low friction and improve its durability of low friction through the continuous formation of the low-frictional interface.</p></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":806,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Tribology Letters\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.9000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-08-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11249-024-01899-5.pdf\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Tribology Letters\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"5\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11249-024-01899-5\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"工程技术\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Tribology Letters","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11249-024-01899-5","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
Impact of Relative Humidity on the Formation of Low-Frictional Interface and its Continuity in Tribological Systems with Hydrogenated Carbon Nitride Coatings
The impact of relative humidity on the formation of low-frictional interface in hydrogenated carbon nitride (CNx:H) coatings sliding against Si3N4 balls and the formation continuity was elucidated through friction tests conducted in both air and nitrogen atmospheres with controlled relative humidity levels. In air atmosphere, a carbonaceous tribolayer with a transformed structure from the initial CNx:H was formed on Si3N4 at less than the critical humidity that existed in 1.0–3.0% RH, resulting in low friction (μ < 0.05) and a low specific wear rate of the balls (< 2 × 10–9 mm3/N·m). In contrast, this tribolayer failed to form above 3.0% RH. In nitrogen atmosphere, within the 0.25–1.0% RH range, the tribolayer continued to form concurrently with wear progression, maintaining low friction for over 50,000 cycles. However, in less than this humidity range, the lifetime of low friction was limited owing to the tribolayer’s structural alteration. Thus, relative humidity influences not only the formation of the low-frictional interface but also the formation continuity. On the CNx:H friction surface, hydrogen, hydroxyl, and oxygen groups from environmental water and oxygen molecules continued to chemisorb owing to tribochemical reactions on the uppermost few nanometers during continuous low friction in a nitrogen atmosphere, while hydrogen content of CNx:H desorbed. This study experimentally confirmed the critical role of controlling relative humidity in tribological systems using CNx:H coatings to achieve low friction and improve its durability of low friction through the continuous formation of the low-frictional interface.
期刊介绍:
Tribology Letters is devoted to the development of the science of tribology and its applications, particularly focusing on publishing high-quality papers at the forefront of tribological science and that address the fundamentals of friction, lubrication, wear, or adhesion. The journal facilitates communication and exchange of seminal ideas among thousands of practitioners who are engaged worldwide in the pursuit of tribology-based science and technology.