Martin R. Smith, Emma J. Long, Alavya Dhungana, Katherine J. Dobson, Jie Yang, Xiguang Zhang
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引用次数: 0
摘要
寒武纪巨足类动物的辐射可归因于其适应性强的身体结构。复杂的大脑和特化的进食附肢,是连续重复的器官系统和关节附肢的精心制作,支撑着类人猿在广泛的生态环境中占据主导地位。根据来自伯吉斯页岩型化石的数据,巨足类动物的身体结构起源于具有静水叶状附属器("叶状蠕虫")1,2 的蛭形类群。然而,这种保存方式造成的压实掩盖了内部解剖结构3-6。磷化微化石提供了早期冠群欧陆虫类的补充性三维视角7,但很少有龙脑虫类8,9。在这里,我们描述了一个保存完好的具有叶足、中肠腺体和复杂头部的三维欧足类幼虫的内部和外部解剖结构。神经系统的结构为巨足类脑及其相关附属器官和感觉器官的早期构造提供了信息,澄清了泛足类的同源关系。Youti yuanshi gen. et sp. nov.的深层进化位置为节肢动物进化过程中特征的获得顺序提供了信息,证明了复杂的血液淋巴循环系统的深层起源,并阐明了内部解剖结构的变化推动了这一持久成功的类群的崛起和多样化。
The Cambrian radiation of euarthropods can be attributed to an adaptable body plan. Sophisticated brains and specialized feeding appendages, which are elaborations of serially repeated organ systems and jointed appendages, underpin the dominance of Euarthropoda in a broad suite of ecological settings. The origin of the euarthropod body plan from a grade of vermiform taxa with hydrostatic lobopodous appendages (‘lobopodian worms’)1,2 is founded on data from Burgess Shale-type fossils. However, the compaction associated with such preservation obscures internal anatomy3–6. Phosphatized microfossils provide a complementary three-dimensional perspective on early crown group euarthropods7, but few lobopodians8,9. Here we describe the internal and external anatomy of a three-dimensionally preserved euarthropod larva with lobopods, midgut glands and a sophisticated head. The architecture of the nervous system informs the early configuration of the euarthropod brain and its associated appendages and sensory organs, clarifying homologies across Panarthropoda. The deep evolutionary position of Youti yuanshi gen. et sp. nov. informs the sequence of character acquisition during arthropod evolution, demonstrating a deep origin of sophisticated haemolymph circulatory systems, and illuminating the internal anatomical changes that propelled the rise and diversification of this enduringly successful group. Youti yuanshi is a euarthropod species newly described from a fossilized larva from Yunnan Province, China dating approximately to late Atdabanian stage, Cambrian period, and provides insights into the evolution of arthropods.
期刊介绍:
Nature is a prestigious international journal that publishes peer-reviewed research in various scientific and technological fields. The selection of articles is based on criteria such as originality, importance, interdisciplinary relevance, timeliness, accessibility, elegance, and surprising conclusions. In addition to showcasing significant scientific advances, Nature delivers rapid, authoritative, insightful news, and interpretation of current and upcoming trends impacting science, scientists, and the broader public. The journal serves a dual purpose: firstly, to promptly share noteworthy scientific advances and foster discussions among scientists, and secondly, to ensure the swift dissemination of scientific results globally, emphasizing their significance for knowledge, culture, and daily life.