Effects of anesthesia and perioperative management on mortality in geriatric orthopedic surgery: a retrospective study of 451 patients.

Objective: We aimed to investigate the effects of anesthesia methods and perioperative procedures on mortality in geriatric patients operated for hip fracture.

Patients and methods: This retrospective study included patients over 65 years of age who underwent hip fracture surgery. Demographic data, risk scores, perioperative and anesthesia management were analyzed in terms of mortality.

Results: Data from 451 patients who were eligible for the study were analyzed. It was determined that there was no difference in mortality between the anesthesia methods administered to the patients in hip fracture surgery (p>0.05).  Being male increased the mortality risk by 4.568 times (95% CI: 1.215-17.168), and a one-unit increase in the number of erythrocyte suspensions given perioperatively increased the mortality risk by 2.801 times (95% CI: 1.509-5.197). Additionally, an American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) II score increased the mortality risk by 0.120 times (95% CI: 0.021-0.690), and a higher modified Charlson comorbidity index (mCCI) of 5-7 increased the mortality risk by 0.052 times (95% CI: 0.009-0.289).

Conclusions: Although high ASA and mCCI scores, male sex, and blood transfusion were associated with mortality in geriatric hip fracture surgery, we found that the method of anesthesia did not affect mortality.