{"title":"功能性 \"超级食品 \"奇异籽(Salvia hispanica L.):对其植物学、遗传学和营养保健特性的新认识。","authors":"Tannaz Zare, Alexandre Fournier-Level, Berit Ebert, Ute Roessner","doi":"10.1093/aob/mcae123","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chia (Salvia hispanica L.) seeds have become increasingly popular among health-conscious consumers owing to their high content of ω-3 fatty acids, which provide various health benefits. Comprehensive chemical analyses of the fatty acids and proteins in chia seeds have been conducted, revealing their functional properties. Recent studies have confirmed the high ω-3 content of chia seed oil and have hinted at additional functional characteristics.</p><p><strong>Scope: </strong>This review article aims to provide an overview of the botanical, morphological and biochemical features of chia plants, seeds and seed mucilage. Additionally, we discuss the recent developments in genetic and molecular research on chia, including the latest transcriptomic and functional studies that examine the genes responsible for chia fatty acid biosynthesis. In recent years, research on chia seeds has shifted its focus from studying the physicochemical characteristics and chemical composition of seeds to understanding the metabolic pathways and molecular mechanisms that contribute to their nutritional benefits. This has led to a growing interest in various pharmaceutical, nutraceutical and agricultural applications of chia. In this context, we discuss the latest research on chia and the questions that remain unanswered, and we identify areas that require further exploration.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Nutraceutical compounds associated with significant health benefits, including ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, proteins and phenolic compounds with antioxidant activity, have been measured in high quantities in chia seeds. However, comprehensive investigations through both in vitro experiments and in vivo animal and controlled human trials are expected to provide greater clarity on the medicinal, antimicrobial and antifungal effects of chia seeds. The recently published genome of chia and gene-editing technologies, such as CRISPR, facilitate functional studies deciphering molecular mechanisms of biosynthesis and metabolic pathways in this crop. This necessitates development of stable transformation protocols and creation of a publicly available lipid database, mutant collection and large-scale transcriptomic datasets for chia.</p>","PeriodicalId":8023,"journal":{"name":"Annals of botany","volume":" ","pages":"725-746"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6000,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11560377/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Chia (Salvia hispanica L.), a functional 'superfood': new insights into its botanical, genetic and nutraceutical characteristics.\",\"authors\":\"Tannaz Zare, Alexandre Fournier-Level, Berit Ebert, Ute Roessner\",\"doi\":\"10.1093/aob/mcae123\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chia (Salvia hispanica L.) seeds have become increasingly popular among health-conscious consumers owing to their high content of ω-3 fatty acids, which provide various health benefits. Comprehensive chemical analyses of the fatty acids and proteins in chia seeds have been conducted, revealing their functional properties. Recent studies have confirmed the high ω-3 content of chia seed oil and have hinted at additional functional characteristics.</p><p><strong>Scope: </strong>This review article aims to provide an overview of the botanical, morphological and biochemical features of chia plants, seeds and seed mucilage. Additionally, we discuss the recent developments in genetic and molecular research on chia, including the latest transcriptomic and functional studies that examine the genes responsible for chia fatty acid biosynthesis. In recent years, research on chia seeds has shifted its focus from studying the physicochemical characteristics and chemical composition of seeds to understanding the metabolic pathways and molecular mechanisms that contribute to their nutritional benefits. This has led to a growing interest in various pharmaceutical, nutraceutical and agricultural applications of chia. In this context, we discuss the latest research on chia and the questions that remain unanswered, and we identify areas that require further exploration.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Nutraceutical compounds associated with significant health benefits, including ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, proteins and phenolic compounds with antioxidant activity, have been measured in high quantities in chia seeds. However, comprehensive investigations through both in vitro experiments and in vivo animal and controlled human trials are expected to provide greater clarity on the medicinal, antimicrobial and antifungal effects of chia seeds. The recently published genome of chia and gene-editing technologies, such as CRISPR, facilitate functional studies deciphering molecular mechanisms of biosynthesis and metabolic pathways in this crop. This necessitates development of stable transformation protocols and creation of a publicly available lipid database, mutant collection and large-scale transcriptomic datasets for chia.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":8023,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Annals of botany\",\"volume\":\" \",\"pages\":\"725-746\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":3.6000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-11-13\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11560377/pdf/\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Annals of botany\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"99\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcae123\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"生物学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"PLANT SCIENCES\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Annals of botany","FirstCategoryId":"99","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcae123","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"PLANT SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
摘要
背景:奇异籽(Salvia hispanica L.)富含ω-3 脂肪酸,具有多种健康益处,因此越来越受到注重健康的消费者的青睐。人们对奇异籽的脂肪酸和蛋白质进行了全面的化学分析,揭示了它们的功能特性。最近的研究证实了奇异籽油中ω-3的高含量,并暗示了其他功能特性:本综述文章旨在概述奇异果植物、种子和种子粘液的植物学、形态学和生化特征。此外,我们还讨论了奇异果遗传和分子研究的最新进展,包括研究奇异果脂肪酸生物合成基因的最新转录组和功能研究。近年来,奇异籽研究的重点已从研究奇异籽的理化特性和化学成分转向了解其营养益处的代谢途径和分子机制。这使得人们对奇异籽的各种药物、营养保健品和农业应用越来越感兴趣。在此背景下,我们讨论了有关奇异果的最新研究,以及尚未解答的问题,并确定了需要进一步探索的领域:已在奇异籽中测出大量与重大健康益处相关的营养保健化合物,包括ω-3 PUFAs、蛋白质和具有抗氧化活性的酚类化合物。然而,通过体外实验和体内动物及对照人体试验进行的综合研究有望更清楚地揭示奇异籽的药用、抗菌和抗真菌作用。最近公布的奇异籽基因组和基因编辑技术(如 CRISPR)有助于开展功能性研究,破译这种作物的生物合成和代谢途径的分子机制。这就需要开发稳定的转化协议,并为奇亚籽创建一个公开可用的脂质数据库、突变体收集和大规模转录组数据集。
Chia (Salvia hispanica L.), a functional 'superfood': new insights into its botanical, genetic and nutraceutical characteristics.
Background: Chia (Salvia hispanica L.) seeds have become increasingly popular among health-conscious consumers owing to their high content of ω-3 fatty acids, which provide various health benefits. Comprehensive chemical analyses of the fatty acids and proteins in chia seeds have been conducted, revealing their functional properties. Recent studies have confirmed the high ω-3 content of chia seed oil and have hinted at additional functional characteristics.
Scope: This review article aims to provide an overview of the botanical, morphological and biochemical features of chia plants, seeds and seed mucilage. Additionally, we discuss the recent developments in genetic and molecular research on chia, including the latest transcriptomic and functional studies that examine the genes responsible for chia fatty acid biosynthesis. In recent years, research on chia seeds has shifted its focus from studying the physicochemical characteristics and chemical composition of seeds to understanding the metabolic pathways and molecular mechanisms that contribute to their nutritional benefits. This has led to a growing interest in various pharmaceutical, nutraceutical and agricultural applications of chia. In this context, we discuss the latest research on chia and the questions that remain unanswered, and we identify areas that require further exploration.
Conclusions: Nutraceutical compounds associated with significant health benefits, including ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, proteins and phenolic compounds with antioxidant activity, have been measured in high quantities in chia seeds. However, comprehensive investigations through both in vitro experiments and in vivo animal and controlled human trials are expected to provide greater clarity on the medicinal, antimicrobial and antifungal effects of chia seeds. The recently published genome of chia and gene-editing technologies, such as CRISPR, facilitate functional studies deciphering molecular mechanisms of biosynthesis and metabolic pathways in this crop. This necessitates development of stable transformation protocols and creation of a publicly available lipid database, mutant collection and large-scale transcriptomic datasets for chia.
期刊介绍:
Annals of Botany is an international plant science journal publishing novel and rigorous research in all areas of plant science. It is published monthly in both electronic and printed forms with at least two extra issues each year that focus on a particular theme in plant biology. The Journal is managed by the Annals of Botany Company, a not-for-profit educational charity established to promote plant science worldwide.
The Journal publishes original research papers, invited and submitted review articles, ''Research in Context'' expanding on original work, ''Botanical Briefings'' as short overviews of important topics, and ''Viewpoints'' giving opinions. All papers in each issue are summarized briefly in Content Snapshots , there are topical news items in the Plant Cuttings section and Book Reviews . A rigorous review process ensures that readers are exposed to genuine and novel advances across a wide spectrum of botanical knowledge. All papers aim to advance knowledge and make a difference to our understanding of plant science.