马克思的理论与世界和俄罗斯历史的现实

IF 0.2 4区 哲学 0 PHILOSOPHY
Karen H. Momdzhyan
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在俄罗斯历史的后苏联时期,公众舆论对卡尔-马克思持否定态度,认为他是末世论乌托邦的作者,其破产被认为是 "唯物史观 "科学失败的不证自明的证明。针对这一观点,作者研究了马克思哲学和社会学学说的基本概念,这些概念(只要正确理解并摒弃不合法的绝对化)对现代科学仍然有效。与此同时,作者还研究了马克思那些未被现代历史进程所证实的观点,其中主要包括这位德国思想家关于现代资本主义的状态和命运的观点。作者认为,马克思将文明资本主义的诞生之痛误认为是资本主义的痛苦,这一毋庸置疑的错误不应被用来否定历史的形成类型学和马克思关于社会主义发展观的思想。为了证明这一观点,重要的是要明白,马克思对俄国布尔什维克革命所建立的社会制度并不负责,因为它与社会主义社会组织无关,代表的是欧洲国家在工业而非农业基础上建立的政治秩序的轮回。这个社会的自然崩溃是完全按照唯物史观的假设实现的,不能作为支持其科学失败的论据。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Marx’s Theory and the Realities of World and Russian History
During the post-Soviet period of Russian history, a negative attitude towards Karl Marx was established in public opinion, who is considered the author of an eschatological utopia, the bankruptcy of which is considered self-evident proof of the scientific failure of the “materialistic understanding of history”. Ob­jecting to this point of view, the author examines the basic concepts of Marx’s philosophical and sociological doctrine, which (provided they are correctly un­derstood and rejected from unlawful absolutization) remain valid for modern sci­ence. At the same time, the author examines Marx’s ideas, which are not con­firmed by the course of modern history, which primarily include the German thinker’s ideas about the state and fate of modern capitalism. The author believes that the undoubted mistake of Marx, who mistook the birth pangs of civilized capitalism for its agony, should not be used to discredit the formational typology of history and Marx’s ideas about the socialist perspective of development. To prove this idea, it is important to understand that Marx is not responsible for the social system created by the Bolshevik revolution in Russia, which was not related to the socialist organization of society, representing the reincarnation of the political orders established in a European country on an industrial rather than agricultural basis. The natural collapse of this society was realized in full accordance with the postulates of the materialistic understanding of history and cannot be used as an argument in favor of their scientific failure.
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来源期刊
VOPROSY FILOSOFII
VOPROSY FILOSOFII PHILOSOPHY-
CiteScore
0.40
自引率
50.00%
发文量
100
期刊介绍: "Вопросы философии" - академическое научное издание, центральный философский журнал в России. В настоящее время является органом Президиума Российской Академии Наук. Журнал "Вопросы философии" исторически тесно связан с Институтом философии РАН. Выходит ежемесячно. Журнал был основан в июле 1947 г. Интернет-версия журнала запущена в мае 2009 года.
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