{"title":"中国冬虫夏草栽培蘑菇新的致病菌--大肠毛霉菌","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.cropro.2024.106864","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The fungal disease of <em>Cordyceps militaris</em> has become the primary disease during the cultivation of <em>C</em>. <em>militaris</em>. However, some of the causal organism remains unclear. During our investigation in 2020–2022, three fungal strains were isolated from both the mycelium and fruiting bodies of <em>C</em>. <em>militaris</em> in mushroom farms located in Changchun. The observed disease incidence was approximately 20%. White villous mycelium on the surface of hyphae or fruiting bodies of <em>C</em>. <em>militaris</em>, is one of the main features of the disease, which can cause slow growth of mycelium, delayed primordia differentiation, and growth failure. Finally, the white cotton flocculent mycelium covered the surface of the medium, and the <em>C. militaris</em> stopped differentiating and failed to produce the primordium, ultimately leading to the stunted growth and lodging of the fruiting body. The objective of this study was to identify the pathogen based on Koch's Postulates, thereby confirming its pathogenicity and characterizing it through morphological and molecular features. The phylogenetic analyses showed that they belong to the <em>Trichoderma gamsii</em>. This study presented the first evidence of <em>T</em>. <em>gamsii</em> caused fungal disease in <em>C</em>. <em>militaris</em>, providing a theoretical basis for the prevention and control measures.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":10785,"journal":{"name":"Crop Protection","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5000,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Trichoderma gamsii, a new pathogen causing disease on cultivated mushroom Cordyceps militaris in China\",\"authors\":\"\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.cropro.2024.106864\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><p>The fungal disease of <em>Cordyceps militaris</em> has become the primary disease during the cultivation of <em>C</em>. <em>militaris</em>. However, some of the causal organism remains unclear. During our investigation in 2020–2022, three fungal strains were isolated from both the mycelium and fruiting bodies of <em>C</em>. <em>militaris</em> in mushroom farms located in Changchun. The observed disease incidence was approximately 20%. White villous mycelium on the surface of hyphae or fruiting bodies of <em>C</em>. <em>militaris</em>, is one of the main features of the disease, which can cause slow growth of mycelium, delayed primordia differentiation, and growth failure. Finally, the white cotton flocculent mycelium covered the surface of the medium, and the <em>C. militaris</em> stopped differentiating and failed to produce the primordium, ultimately leading to the stunted growth and lodging of the fruiting body. The objective of this study was to identify the pathogen based on Koch's Postulates, thereby confirming its pathogenicity and characterizing it through morphological and molecular features. The phylogenetic analyses showed that they belong to the <em>Trichoderma gamsii</em>. This study presented the first evidence of <em>T</em>. <em>gamsii</em> caused fungal disease in <em>C</em>. <em>militaris</em>, providing a theoretical basis for the prevention and control measures.</p></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":10785,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Crop Protection\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.5000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-07-26\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Crop Protection\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"97\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0261219424002928\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"农林科学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"AGRONOMY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Crop Protection","FirstCategoryId":"97","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0261219424002928","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"AGRONOMY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
摘要
冬虫夏草真菌病已成为冬虫夏草栽培过程中的主要病害。然而,一些致病菌仍不清楚。在 2020-2022 年的调查中,我们从长春蘑菇农场的冬虫夏草菌丝体和子实体中分离出了三种真菌菌株。观察到的发病率约为 20%。米氏蘑菇菌丝或子实体表面的白色绒毛状菌丝是该病的主要特征之一,可导致菌丝生长缓慢、初生分化延迟和生长衰竭。最后,白色棉状絮状菌丝覆盖了培养基表面,米氏杆菌停止分化,无法产生初生体,最终导致子实体生长受阻和着床。本研究的目的是根据科赫推论鉴定病原体,从而确认其致病性,并通过形态和分子特征对其进行定性。系统进化分析表明,它们属于 Trichoderma gamsii。该研究首次证明了 T. gamsii 可引起军事蓟马的真菌病,为采取预防和控制措施提供了理论依据。
Trichoderma gamsii, a new pathogen causing disease on cultivated mushroom Cordyceps militaris in China
The fungal disease of Cordyceps militaris has become the primary disease during the cultivation of C. militaris. However, some of the causal organism remains unclear. During our investigation in 2020–2022, three fungal strains were isolated from both the mycelium and fruiting bodies of C. militaris in mushroom farms located in Changchun. The observed disease incidence was approximately 20%. White villous mycelium on the surface of hyphae or fruiting bodies of C. militaris, is one of the main features of the disease, which can cause slow growth of mycelium, delayed primordia differentiation, and growth failure. Finally, the white cotton flocculent mycelium covered the surface of the medium, and the C. militaris stopped differentiating and failed to produce the primordium, ultimately leading to the stunted growth and lodging of the fruiting body. The objective of this study was to identify the pathogen based on Koch's Postulates, thereby confirming its pathogenicity and characterizing it through morphological and molecular features. The phylogenetic analyses showed that they belong to the Trichoderma gamsii. This study presented the first evidence of T. gamsii caused fungal disease in C. militaris, providing a theoretical basis for the prevention and control measures.
期刊介绍:
The Editors of Crop Protection especially welcome papers describing an interdisciplinary approach showing how different control strategies can be integrated into practical pest management programs, covering high and low input agricultural systems worldwide. Crop Protection particularly emphasizes the practical aspects of control in the field and for protected crops, and includes work which may lead in the near future to more effective control. The journal does not duplicate the many existing excellent biological science journals, which deal mainly with the more fundamental aspects of plant pathology, applied zoology and weed science. Crop Protection covers all practical aspects of pest, disease and weed control, including the following topics:
-Abiotic damage-
Agronomic control methods-
Assessment of pest and disease damage-
Molecular methods for the detection and assessment of pests and diseases-
Biological control-
Biorational pesticides-
Control of animal pests of world crops-
Control of diseases of crop plants caused by microorganisms-
Control of weeds and integrated management-
Economic considerations-
Effects of plant growth regulators-
Environmental benefits of reduced pesticide use-
Environmental effects of pesticides-
Epidemiology of pests and diseases in relation to control-
GM Crops, and genetic engineering applications-
Importance and control of postharvest crop losses-
Integrated control-
Interrelationships and compatibility among different control strategies-
Invasive species as they relate to implications for crop protection-
Pesticide application methods-
Pest management-
Phytobiomes for pest and disease control-
Resistance management-
Sampling and monitoring schemes for diseases, nematodes, pests and weeds.