Green Synthesis of Guaiacum officinale L. Leaf Extract Silver Nanoparticles for Potential Antioxidant and Anticancer Activity

The green synthesis of AgNPs using ultrasonic-assisted hydroacetonic Guaiacum officinale L. leaf extract (GoLE), which contains phytochemicals, can play a substantial role in bio-reduction, capping, and stabilization of the nanoparticles. The colour change was observed from light yellow to brown indicating the synthesis of Guaiacum officinale leaf extract silver nanoparticles (GoLE-AgNPs). The absorption maxima (λ max) of AgNPs at 411 nm were confirmed by UV-vis spectroscopy. FTIR data revealed the functional groups involved in the reduction and capping of AgNPs. Powder XRD and SAED images confirmed crystallinity. HR-TEM images showed spherical, ⁓ 18-25 nm sized nanoparticles and EDS spotted the strong peak of silver at 3 KeV. DLS spectra results the surface zeta potential of stable nanoparticles at -37.3 mV, +35.4 nm particle size in hydrodynamic solution. Polyphenolic content of GoLE-AgNPs was demonstrated by TPC and TFC. Dose-dependent radical scavenging activity of AgNPs was performed by the DPPH method. GoLE-AgNPs were treated with human bone marrow neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) cancer cells at 12.5-200 μg/mL concentration. The effective cell viability of 24.05 ± 0.029% was observed using an MTT assay. GoLE-AgNPs induced 66.13% of apoptosis in cancer cells. Present research results revealed the better antioxidant and anticancer activity of AgNPs.