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引用次数: 0
摘要
由 Colletotrichum 菌种引起的炭疽病是草莓(Fragaria × ananassa)的一种重要病害,但在德国引起这种病害的菌种尚未根据现代系统学进行研究。通过多基因系统发育分析(ITS、act、gapdh、chs-1、his3、tub2),从以前和最近采集的 58 个主要来自德国栽培草莓果实炭疽病的 Colletotrichum 分离物被鉴定或重新鉴定为 C. fioriniae、C. godetiae 和 C. nymphaeae(C. acutatum 种复合体)以及 C. anthrisci 和 C. lineola(C. dematium 复合体)。Colletotrichum nymphaeae 是主要病原菌;大多数分离物属于一个克隆品系,该品系在整个欧洲、美国以及一些非洲和亚洲国家的草莓上都有分布。另外两个单倍型中的一个关系较远,仅在最近采集的材料中有所体现。所有其他物种,每个单倍型都只在德国草莓上分离到过一两次。这是 C. anthrisci 在德国的首次报道,也是 Fragaria 属在世界范围内的首次报道;所有其他分离出的真菌都是该属在德国的新报道。对已鉴定物种的形态特征进行比较后发现,这些特征对鉴定的作用有限,甚至对物种复合体的鉴定也是如此。在致病性试验中,所有五个菌种都会在 Fragaria × ananassa 'Asia' 的成熟果实上引起炭疽病症状。
Diversity of Colletotrichum species on strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) in Germany
Anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum species is an important disease of strawberries (Fragaria × ananassa), but the species causing this disease in Germany have not been investigated based on modern systematics. By using multi-locus phylogenetic analyses (ITS, act, gapdh, chs-1, his3, tub2), 58 Colletotrichum isolates from previous and recent collections, obtained mainly from fruit anthracnose of cultivated strawberries in Germany, were identified or re-identified as C. fioriniae, C. godetiae and C. nymphaeae (C. acutatum species complex) as well as C. anthrisci and C. lineola (C. dematium complex). Colletotrichum nymphaeae was dominant; most of the isolates belonged to one clonal lineage that occurs on strawberries throughout Europe, the United States of America, and some African and Asian countries. One of the other two haplotypes was distantly related and only represented by recently collected material. All other species, each of one haplotype, had only been isolated once or twice from German strawberries. This is the first report of C. anthrisci in Germany and for the genus Fragaria worldwide; all the other isolated fungi are newly reported for this genus in Germany. Comparisons of morphological characteristics of the species identified demonstrate that these features are of limited use for identification, even to species complex level. In pathogenicity tests, all five species caused anthracnose symptoms on ripe fruit of Fragaria × ananassa ‘Asia’.
期刊介绍:
Accounts of Chemical Research presents short, concise and critical articles offering easy-to-read overviews of basic research and applications in all areas of chemistry and biochemistry. These short reviews focus on research from the author’s own laboratory and are designed to teach the reader about a research project. In addition, Accounts of Chemical Research publishes commentaries that give an informed opinion on a current research problem. Special Issues online are devoted to a single topic of unusual activity and significance.
Accounts of Chemical Research replaces the traditional article abstract with an article "Conspectus." These entries synopsize the research affording the reader a closer look at the content and significance of an article. Through this provision of a more detailed description of the article contents, the Conspectus enhances the article's discoverability by search engines and the exposure for the research.