深水风扇层次结构:假设、证据和数值模型分析

IF 2 4区 地球科学 Q1 GEOLOGY
Ibrahim Tinni Tahiru, Peter M. Burgess, Christopher Stevenson
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引用次数: 0

摘要

对海底扇形地层进行描述和解释时,通常假定从床层到裂片要素、裂片和裂片复合体等要素是嵌套的、分层的。然而,按照特定的概念方法或模型描述露头和地下地层,很少能证明该模型或方法准确地反映了地层的真实性质。为了对海底扇形地层的层次结构有更深入的了解,我们开发了两个指标,一个是聚类强度指标,用于衡量床层空间分布中的聚类程度;另一个是层次阶跃指标,用于表示床层空间分布中存在多少聚类层次元素。这两个指标都适用于两个定量扇形模型。第一个模型是一个非常简单的几何模型,有 10 种实现形式,从完全聚类的层次结构到难以区分的随机床层排列。第二个模型是 Lobyte3D,它是一个复杂度较低的过程模型,采用最深下降流路由算法,结合简单但物理上合理的流速、侵蚀、迁移和沉积阈值表示法,生成详细的海底扇形地层三维表示法。在较简单的模型中应用聚类强度和层次阶跃度量,展示了这些度量如何有效地描述扇形地层中存在多少秩序和层次。对四个 Lobyte3D 模型的应用表明,尽管模型地层明显自组织成裂片,但并没有证据表明存在真正的层次结构,这表明要么 Lobyte3D 丢失了目前尚未确定的产生层次结构的关键过程,要么对海底扇形地层层次结构的解释不符合实际情况。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Deep-Water Fan Hierarchy: Assumptions, Evidence, and Numerical Modelling Analysis
Submarine fan strata are commonly described and interpreted assuming a nested, hierarchical organisation of elements, from beds to lobe elements, lobes and lobe complexes. However, describing outcrop and subsurface strata following a particular conceptual method or model is rarely evidence that the model or method accurately reflects the true nature of the strata. To develop more robust understanding of hierarchy in submarine fan strata we developed two metrics, a clustering strength metric that measures how much clustering is present in the spatial distribution of beds, and a hierarchy step metric that indicates how many clustered hierarchical elements are present in the bed spatial distribution. Both metrics are applied to two quantitative fan models. The first model is a very simple geometric model with 10 realisations ranging from a perfectly clustered hierarchy to an indistinguishable-from-random arrangement of beds. The second model, Lobyte3D, is a reduced-complexity process model which uses a st eepest descent flow routing algorithm, combined with a simple but physically reasonable representation of flow velocity, erosion, transport and deposition thresholds, to generate detailed 3D representations of submarine fan strata. Application of the cluster strength and hierarchy step metric to the simpler model demonstrates how the metrics usefully characterise how much order and hierarchy is present in the fan strata. Application to four Lobyte3D models with increasingly complex basin-floor topography shows no evidence for true hierarchy, despite clear self-organisation of the model strata into lobes, suggesting that either Lobyte3D is missing key currently unidentified processes responsible for producing hierarchy, or that interpretations of hierarchy in submarine fan strata are not realistic.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.80
自引率
5.00%
发文量
50
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: The journal is broad and international in scope and welcomes contributions that further the fundamental understanding of sedimentary processes, the origin of sedimentary deposits, the workings of sedimentary systems, and the records of earth history contained within sedimentary rocks.
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