Revealing the Therapeutic Potential of Nigella Sativa Extract in Aspergillus Niger-Induced Otitis Externa: Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Properties

Otitis externa (OE), a fungal infection of the external auditory canal, often involving Aspergillus niger, can lead to OE externa, posing severe health risks. Establishing an animal model of OE induced by Aspergillus niger, this study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic potential of Nigella sativa (NS) extract, specifically its effect on inflammation and antioxidant activity in this OE animal model. The detection of Aspergillus niger on the 3rd day post-induction confirmed its thriving presence within the ear canal. NS extract, containing thymoquinone, significantly reduced the expression of IL-1B and TNF-a proteins. Notably, NS extract at 5 and 10 % showed comparable effects, surpassing the efficacy of topical miconazole. Evaluation of MDA protein expression, indicative of oxidative damage, revealed a significant decrease with NS extract treatment, especially at 5 % dosage. NS extract exhibited a notable decrease in subunit p50 and p65 proteins expression, particularly at the 5 % concentration. In conclusion, NS extract displayed promising anti-inflammatory effects on Aspergillus niger-induced otitis externa by modulating various inflammatory markers and pathways. These findings highlight the potential therapeutic role of NS extract in addressing inflammation associated with OE.